Posicionamiento virtual de instituciones públicas

  1. Amorós Kern, Eduard
  2. Küster Boluda, Inés
  3. Vila López, Natalia
Revista:
3 c TIC: cuadernos de desarrollo aplicados a las TIC

ISSN: 2254-6529

Año de publicación: 2012

Título del ejemplar: 3C Tic - Edición nº 2

Volumen: 1

Número: 2

Tipo: Artículo

Otras publicaciones en: 3 c TIC: cuadernos de desarrollo aplicados a las TIC

Resumen

El presente estudio trata de abordar las estrategias de posicionamiento que adoptan las webs institucionales de cuatro municipios de la Comunidad Valenciana seleccionados a título ilustrativo. Concretamente se trata de mostrar qué medida tales webs enfatizan factores relativos al sistema (rapidez y facilidad de uso), factores relativos a los contenidos (cantidad y calidad de información suministrada) y factores relativos al servicio Prestado. Para tal fin, se ha aplicado la técnica multivariable del análisis de correspondencias, ya que permite identificar de que manera ha percibido nuestro público objetivo la las webs institucionales de las cuatro corporaciones municipales escogidas: Gandía, Alcoy, Sagunt y Torrent. Todo ello en base a información procedente de 100 ciudadanos que ha sido tratada con la técnica el análisis de correspondencias, por su capacidad para representar en un espacio multidimensional reducido la relación existente entre las categorías objeto de posicionamiento y los cuatro municipios objeto de comparación.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • [1] AGARWAL, R. Y VENKATESH, V. (2002). “Assessing a firm’s Web presence: A heuristic evaluation procedure for the measurement of usability”. Information Systems Research, Vol. 13, nº 2, pgs. 168-186.
  • [2] ALADWANI, A.M. (2006). “An empirical test of the link between Website quality and forward enterprise integration with web consumers”. Business Process Management Journal, Vol. 12, nº 2, 178-191.
  • [3] ALDÁS, J. Y URIEL, E. (2005). Análisis Multivalente Aplicado. Aplicaciones al Marketing, Investigación de Mercados, Economía, Dirección de Empresas y Turismo. Thomson, Madrid.
  • [4] ALVIN, A. ACHEMBAUM. (1974). Who Says You Need Research to Position a Brand? Journal of Advertising Vol. 3 pp. 21-24
  • [5] AVENARIUS, H. (1993). “Introduction: Image and public relations practice”, Journal of Publics Relations Research.
  • [6] BELANGER, F., HILLER, J.S.; Y SMITH, W.J. (2002). “Trustworthiness in electronic commerce: the role of privacy, security, and site attributes“. Journal of Strategic Information Systems, Vol. 11, págs. 245–270.
  • [7] BIGNÉ (1986): Posicionamiento en la dirección de Marketing. El posicionamiento: una estrategia de marketing. Universitat de València.
  • [8] BLACKWELL, R.D.; MINIARD, P.W.; Y ENGEL, J.F. (2001). Consumer Behavior. The Dryden Press, Orlando, FL.
  • [9] BROMLEY, D.B. (1993). Reputation, image and impression management. Chichester: John Wiley & sons.
  • [10] BROOM, G.M. Y DOZIER, D.M. (1990). “Advancement for public relations role models”, Public Relations.
  • [11] BRYANT, J. Y ZILLMANN, D. (1996). Los efectos de los medios de comunicación. Investigaciones y teorías. Barcelona: Paidós.
  • [12] CAPPEL, J. Y HUANG, Z. (2007). “A usability analysis of company websites”. The Journal of Computer Information Systems, oct.01.
  • [13] CHEN, Q. Y WELLS, W. (1999). "Attitude toward the site". Journal of Advertising Research, Vol. 39, nº 5, pgs. 27-37.
  • [14] CHESKIN RESEARCH AND STUDIO ARCHETYPE/SAPIENT. (1999). ECommerce Trust Study, January. Citado en Belanger et al (2002).
  • [15] COHEN, B.C. (1963). The press and foreign policy. Princeton: Princeton University Press
  • [16] COX, J. Y DALE, B.G. (2002). “Key quality factors in Web site design and use: An examination”. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management”, Vol. 19, nº 7, pgs. 862-888.
  • [17] Eurostat (2006). “Internet usage in the EU25”. nº 146, 10 noviembre.
  • [18] FEBLES, J. Y OREJA, J.R. (2007). “Modelos de Rasch en Dirección de Empresas”.
  • [19] FLAVIÁN, C.; GUINALIÚ, M. Y GURREA, R. (2005). “Análisis empírico de la influencia ejercida por la usabilidad percibida, a satisfacción y la confianza del consumidor sobre la lealtad a un sitio Web”. Encuentro de Profesores Universitarios de Marketing.
  • [20] GANN, R. (1999). “Every second counts”, Competing, Vol. 8 nº October, pgs.38-40.
  • [21] GEFEN, D. (2000). “E-commerce: the role of familiarity and trust”. The International Journal of Management Science, Omega, Vol. 28, pgs.725–737.
  • [22] GRUNIG, J.E. Y HUNT, T. (1984). Managing public relations. Fort Worth: Holt, Rinehart and Wilson.
  • [23] GRUNIG, J.E. Y STAMM, K.R. (1979). “Cognitive strategies and resolution of environmental issues: a second study”, Journalism Quarterly.
  • [24] HANTULA, D. Y BRYANT, K. (2005). “Delay Discounting Determines Delivery Fees in an E-commerce Simulation: A Behavioural Economic Perspective”, Psychology & Marketing, Vol. 22, nº 2, pgs. 153–161.
  • [25] HARMON, R. R., Y CONEY, K.A. (1982). “The Persuasive Effects of Source Credibility in Buy and Lease Situations”, Journal of Marketing Research, Vol. 19 (May), pgs. 255-260.
  • [26] HEATH, R.L. (1990): “Corporate issues management: theorical underpinnings and research foundations”, Public Relations Research Annual.
  • [27] HEINZEY, N. Y HU, AND K. (2006). “The evolution of corporate Web presence. A longitudinal study of large American companies”. International Journal of Information Management, 1-13.
  • [28] HERREROS ARCONADA, M. (1989). Teoría y técnica de la propaganda electoral (formas publicitarias). Barcelona. ESRP-PPU.
  • [29] HUIZINGH, E.K.R.E. (2002). “The antecedents of Web site performance”, European Journal of Marketing, Vol. 36, nº 11/12, pgs. 1225-1247.
  • [30] JARVENPAA, S.; TRACTINSKY, N.; Y VITALE, M. (2000). “Consumer trust in an Internet store”. Information Technology and Management, Vol. 1, nº 1-2, pgs. 45-71.
  • [31] JEONG, M.; OH, C.; Y GREGORIE, M.S. (2003). “Conceptualizing Web site quality and its consequences in the lodging industry”. International Journal of Hospitality Management, Vol. 22, nº 2, pgs. 161-175.
  • [32] KIM, Y. J., M. EOM, T.-I., AHN, J. H. (2005). “Measuring IS Service Quality in the Context of the Service Quality-User Satisfaction Relationship,” Journal of Information Technology Theory and Application, (JITTA), Vol. 7, nº 2, pgs. 53-70.
  • [33] KO, H.; CHO, C.; Y ROBERTS, M.S. (2005). “Internet uses and gratifications. A structural equation model of interactive advertising”. Journal of Advertising, Vol. 34, nº 2, pgs. 57-70.
  • [34] KOTLER, P. CÁMARA, D., GRANDE, I., ROCHE, I. (2000). Dirección de Marketing. Edición del Milenio.
  • [35] KOTLER, P., HAIDER, D. H., REIN, I. (1993). Marketing places. The Free Press. Nueva York.
  • [36] LARZELERE, R. Y HUSTON, T. (1980). “The dyadic trust scale. Toward understanding interpersonal trust in close relationships”. Journal of Marriage and Family, Vol. 42, nº 3, pgs. 595-604.
  • [37] LEE, G.G. Y LIN, H.F. (2005). “Customer perceptions of e-service quality in online shopping”. International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management; Vol. 33, nº 2/3, pgs. 161-176.
  • [38] LIM, H. Y DUBINSKY, A.J. (2005). “The theory of planned behaviour in e-commerce. making a case for interdependencies between salient beliefs”. Psychology & Marketing, Vol. 22, nº 10, pgs. 833–855.
  • [39] LINACRE, J. M. (2006). Winsteps. Rasch measurement computer program. Chicago, Winsteps.com.
  • [40] LIU, C., Y ARNETT, P. (2000). “Exploring the factors associated with Web sites success in the context of electronic commerce. Information and Management, Vol 38, pgs. 23–33.
  • [41] LLUSAR, J.C.B.; ZORZONA, C.C.; Y TENA, A.B.E. (2001). “Measuring the relationship between firm perceived quality and customer satisfaction and its influence on purchase intentions”. Total Quality Management, Vol. 12, nº 6, pgs. 719-734.
  • [42] LYNCH, P.D., KENT, R.J., SRINIVASAN, S.S. (2001). “The global internet shopper. evidence from shopping tasks in twelve countries”. Journal of Advertising Research, May/June.
  • [43] MADU, C. Y MADU, A. (2002). “Dimension of E-quality”. The International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, Vol. 19, nº 2/3, pgs. 246-258.
  • [44] MCCOMBS, M.E. Y SHAW, D.L. (1972). “The agenda-setting function of the mass media”, Public Opinion Quarterly.
  • [45] MCLEOD, J.M. Y CAFÉ, S.H. (1973). “Interpersonal approaches to communication research”, American Behavioural Scientist.
  • [46] MILES, RAYMOND E., SNOW, CHARLES C., MEYER, ALAN D., et al. (July 1978). Organizational Strategy, Structure, and Process. Academy of Management. The Academy of Management Review. Briarcliff Manor. Vol. 3, Iss. 3; p. 546.
  • [47] MONZÓN ARRIBAS, C. (1987). La opinión pública. Teorías, concepto y métodos. Madrid. Tecnos.
  • [48] MUNUERA, J.M. Y RODRÍGUEZ, A. I. (2001). Marketing Estratégico. Teoría y Casos. Pirámide, Madrid, pp. 170-173.
  • [49] OREJA, J.R. (2005). “Introducción a la medición objetiva en economía, administración y dirección de empresas. El modelo de Rasch”. IUDE serie de estudios 2005.
  • [50] OTIM, S. Y GROVER, V. (2006). “An empirical study on Web-based services and customer loyalty” European Journal of Information Systems, Vol. 15, pgs. 527–541.
  • [51] PARK, J. Y STOEL, L. (2005). “Effect of brand familiarity, experience and information on online apparel purchase”. International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management; Vol. 33, nº 2/3, pgs. 148-160.
  • [52] PARK, J.; LENNONº S.J. Y STOEL, L. (2005). “On-line product presentation. Effects on mood, perceived risk, and purchase intention”. Psychology & Marketing, Vol. 22, nº 9, pgs. 695–719.
  • [53] PAVLIK, J.V. (1987). Public relations. What research tell us. Newbury Park. Sage.
  • [54] PEARSON, R. (1989). “Beyond ethical relativism in public relations. co orientation, rules and the idea of communication symmetry”, Public Relations Research Annual.
  • [55] PESZYNSKI, K. Y THANASANKIT, T. (2002), “Exploring trust in b2c e-commerce –an exploratory study of mäori culture in new Zealand”. Proceedings of the Xth European Conference on Information Systems.ECIS 2002. Information Systems and the Future of the Digital Economy, pgs. 735-747, University of Gdansk, Poland, Poland.
  • [56] PORTER, M. E. (1980). Competitive Strategy. Free Press, New York. NY.
  • [57] PORTER, M. E. (1985). Competitive Advantage. Free Press, New York. NY.
  • [58] REGER, RHONDA K, HUFF, ANNE SIGISMUND. (Feb 1993). Strategic groups. A cognitive perspective.
  • [59] RIES, A. (November 15, 1974). Position Properly, Broaden Base, Don’t Extend Line. Marketing News, p. 7
  • [60] ROBERT C LEWIS, DAVID M KLEIN (Fall 1985). Personal Constructs. Their Use in the Marketing of.
  • [61] ROBERT E MORGAN, CAROLYN A STRONG, TONY MCGUINNESS (2003). Productmarket positioning and prospector strategy. An analysis of strategic patterns from the resource-based perspective. European Journal of Marketing. Bradford. Vol. 37, Iss. 10; p. 1409.
  • [62] RODGERS, W.; NEGASH, S. Y SUK, K. (2005). “The moderating effect of on-line experience on the antecedents and consequences of on-line satisfaction”. Psychology & Marketing, Vol. 22, nº 4, pgs. 313 – 331.
  • [63] ROSE, G.M., EVARISTO, J.R. Y STRAUB, D. (2003). “Culture and Consumer Responses to Web Download Time. A Four-Continent Study of Mono and Polychronism,” IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, Vol. 50, nº 1, pgs. 31-44.
  • [64] ROSE, G.M., LEES, J. Y MEUTER, M.L, (2001). “A refined view of download time impacts on e-consumer attitudes and patronage intentions toward e-retailers. International Journal of Media Management, Vol. 3, pgs. 105-111.
  • [65] ROSE, G.M. Y MATTHEW L. Y CURRAN, J. (2005). “On-line Waiting. The Role of Download Time and Other Important Predictors on Attitude toward E-retailers”. Psychology & Marketing, Vol. 22, nº 2, pgs. 127–151.
  • [66] SANTESMASES, M. (1996). Términos de Marketing. Diccionario-Base de Datos. Pirámide. Madrid. pp. 232.
  • [67] SANTESMASES, M. (2000). Dyane, versión 2. Diseño y análisis de encuestas para investigación social y de mercados. Pirámide. Madrid. pp. 318-336
  • [68] SANTESMASES, M. (2005). DYANE. Versión 3. Diseño y análisis de encuestas en investigación social y de mercados. Pirámide. Madrid.
  • [69] SCHLOSSER, A.; WHITE, T.; Y LLOYD, S.M. (2006). “Converting Website Visitors into Buyers. How Website Investment Increases Consumer Trusting Beliefs and On line Purchase Intentions”. Journal of Marketing, Vol. 70, nº2, pgs. 133-148.
  • [70] SHAKER A ZAHRA, JEFFREY G COVIN (Sep 1993). Business strategy, technology policy and firm performance. Strategic Management Journal. Chichester. Vol. 14, Iss. 6; p. 451.
  • [71] SHANKAR, V.; URBAN, G.; Y SULTAN, F. (2002). “Online trust. A stakeholder perspective, concepts, implications, and future directions”. The Journal of Strategic Information Systems, Vol. 11, nº 34, pgs. 325-344.
  • [72] SOLANO FLETA, L. (1995). Fundamentos de las relaciones públicas. Madrid. Síntesis.
  • [73] Strategic Management Journal. Chicheste. Vol. 14, Iss. 2; p. 103
  • [74] TAMIMI, N. SEBASTIANELLI, R. Y RAJAN, M. (2005). “What Do Online Customers Value? Quality Progress, Vol. 38, nº 7, pgs. 35.
  • [75] TROUT, J Y RIES A. (July 1979). Positioning. Ten Years Later. Industrial Marketing. Chicago. Vol. 64 p.32.
  • [76] TROUT, J. (June 1969). Posicionamiento es el juego que utiliza la gente en el actual mercado. Industrial Marketing, Vol.54, No.6, pp.51-55.
  • [77] TROUT, J. Y RIES, A. (1972). The positioning Era Cometh reprint of a three-part series and in advertising Age. Crain Publications. Chicago.
  • [78] VAN SCHAIK, P. Y LING, J. (2006). “The effects of graphical display and screen ratio on information retrieval in Web pages”. Computers in Human Behaviour Vol. 22, pgs. 870– 884.
  • [79] VASSILOPOULOU, K. Y KEELING, K. (2000). “Usability measurement tool survey. differences between Australia and UK’”, Manchester School of Management, UMIST, Manchester (29 March).
  • [80] VENKATRAMAN, N. Y RAMANUJAM, V. (1986). “Measurement of business performance in strategy research. a comparison of approaches”. Academy of Management Review, Vol. 11, nº 4, pgs. 801-814.
  • [81] WAKEFIELD, R.L. Y WHITTEN, D. (2006). “Examining User Perceptions of Third-Party Organization Credibility and Trust”. Journal of Organizational and End User Computing; Vol. 18, nº 2, pgs. 1-19.
  • [82] WALKER, ORVILLE C., JR., RUEKERT, ROBERT W. (Jul 1987). Marketing's role in the implementation of business strategies. a critical review and conceptual framework. Journal of Marketing. Chicago. Vol. 51, Iss. 3. p. 15
  • [83] WILLIAM I. MCGIRR (November/December 1973, p. 26). The taster’s choice storyEstablish a strong product position. Marketing Times, vol. 4.
  • [84] ZHU, F.X.; WYMER, W.; Y CHEN, I. (2002). “IT-based services and service quality in consumer banking”. International Journal of Service Industry Management, Vol. 13, nº 1, pgs. 69-90.
  • [85] ZIANE, S. Y BACHA, H. (2006). “Availability and Security for Complex Enterprise Web Services”. The Business Review, Cambridge, Vol. 5, nº 1, pgs. 325-329.