Tiburones de aguas profundas en el Mioceno Medio de Alicanteimplicaciones para la recuperación de los ecosistemas abisales mediterráneos después de la crisis mesiniense

  1. Martínez-Pérez, Carlos 1
  2. Carrillo-Briceño, Jorge D. 2
  3. Ferrón, Humberto G. 1
  4. Manzanares, Esther 1
  5. Herraiz, José Luis 1
  6. Hammann Yelo, Carlos
  7. Botella, Héctor 1
  1. 1 Instituto Cavanilles de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, España
  2. 2 Universität Zürich, Suiza
Revista:
Isurus

ISSN: 1888-9441

Año de publicación: 2017

Número: 10

Páginas: 50-61

Tipo: Artículo

Otras publicaciones en: Isurus

Resumen

El estudio de la localidad clásica de El Chorrillo del Mioceno Medio (Serravaliense) en la Provincia de Alicante, ha permitido la recuperación de una interesante asociación de microrestos de tiburones caracterizada por al menos siete taxones (Deania calcea, †Isistius triangulus, †Squaliolus cf. schaubi, †Paraetmopterus sp., Pristiophorus sp., Scyliorhinus sp. y un Squaliforme indeterminado) pertenecientes a tres órdenes diferentes (Squaliformes, Pristiophoriformes y Carcharhiniformes). Asociados a estos microrestos se han identificado también macrodientes pertenecientes a Cosmopolitodus hastalis, Isurus sp., Hemipristis serra, Odontaspis sp., Carcharhinus spp. y †Otodus (Megaselachus) megalodon. El conjunto contiene especies con preferencias ambientales dispares, que incluyen no sólo tiburones neríticos y epipelágicos (aguas someras o abiertas), sino también un número importante de representantes meso y batipelágicos (tiburones de profundidad). Esta asociación “mezclada” es interpretada no como consecuencia de factores tafonómicos, sino por aspectos biológicos intrínsecos a la fauna que los componen. En este sentido, la migración de taxones de aguas profundas a aguas más superficiales a través de cañones submarinos para alimentarse (como sucede en la actualidad), pudo ser la causa más plausible para explicar el origen de tal asociación. Por otro lado, es importante destacar que la composición de los taxones de aguas profundas aquí descritas contrasta con el conjunto de condríctios del Plioceno, Pleistoceno y del de las comunidades mediterráneas actuales. Estos datos indican que la crisis de salinidad del Mesiniense afectó de forma importante a la evolución posterior de los ecosistemas abisales mediterráneos, pero que las diferencias detectadas con los faunas actuales debieron deberse además a otros factores, como la existencia de eventos anóxicos en los fondos abisales durante el Cuaternario.

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