Evaluación del riesgo de exposición dietética a acrilamida en la población española y valenciana

Résumé

As a result of declaring acrylamide as a probable human carcinogen, different studies attempted to clarify whether dietary exposure in humans can establish a health risk. However, the literature concerning Spanish population has been subsumed in non-specific macro studies or it refers exclusively to children. The aim of this study was to make a risk assessment of dietary exposure to acrylamide in the Spanish and Valencian population. Based on reviewing the information about the toxicity of acrylamide and its presence in food, dietary exposure to the toxic substance was calculated by a deterministic method. Foods that have a higher contribution to daily intake of acrylamide are bread, toasted bread, biscuits, crisps and breakfast cereals, followed by roasted coffee and beer. The Spanish adult population doubles the exposure estimated by the EPIC study. The most exposed population is children followed by the female one. The Valencian population is less exposed than the Spanish as a whole though both are on the same level, as the European population. Spanish adults have the same risk of neurotoxicity and lower risk of mammary tumors than the international value calculated in 2011 by the FAO/WHO. However the child population has a risk of neurotoxicity four times lower. The precautionary principle must prevail while more conclusive toxicity data is not achieved.