El rol mediador de l'envelliment actiu sobre la satisfacció i la salut percebudesun model estructural en majors angolesos

  1. Galiana Llinares, Laura
  2. Sancho Requena, Patricia
  3. Tomás Miguel, Jose Manuel
  4. Gutiérrez Sanmartín, Melchor
Revista:
Anuari de psicologia de la Societat Valenciana de Psicologia

ISSN: 1135-1268

Año de publicación: 2013

Volumen: 15

Número: 1

Páginas: 29-43

Tipo: Artículo

Otras publicaciones en: Anuari de psicologia de la Societat Valenciana de Psicologia

Resumen

Elderly’s well-being is a construct that has been the center of many studies along the last decades. As it is known, well-being is on the basis of a set of indicators. The aim of this study is to evaluate the possible mediation that activity levels and functional independence can exert on a number of socio-demographic indicators and satisfaction with life and perceived health. To achieve it, a sample of 10003 Angolan elderly, coming from nursing homes, NGOs, and care centers, is used. A structural equations model was estimated, in which a set of socio-demographic variables were predictors of satisfaction with life and perceived health, with two indicators of activity and dependence as intervening or mediating variables. Results obtained are concordant with literature, with a strong implication of socio-demographic indicators and variables related with activity/dependence in satisfaction with life and perceived health.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Andrews, F. M. (1974). Social indicators of perceived life quality. Social Indicators Research, 1, 279-299.
  • Andrews, F. M. i Withey, S. B. (1976). Social indicators of well-being: America’s perception of life quality. New York: Plenum.
  • Antonucci, T., Lansford, J., Akiyama, H., Smith, J., Baltes, M., Takahashi, K., Fuhrer, R. i Dartigues, F. (2002). Differences between men and women in social relations, resource deficits, and depressive symptomatology during later life in four nations. Journal of Social Issues, 58, 767-83.
  • Baltes, P. B. i Baltes, M. M. (1990). Psychological perspectives on successful aging: The model of selective optimization with compensation. En P. B. Baltesi i M. M. Baltes (eds.), Successful aging: Perspectives from the behavioral sciences (pp. 1-34). New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Bentler, P. M. (1990). Comparative fit indices in structural models. Psychological Bulletin, 107, 238-246.
  • Bentler, P. M. (2005). EQS Structural Equations Program Manual. Multivariate Software, Inc., California.
  • Berg, A. I., Hassing, L.B., Johansson, B. i McClearn, G. (2006). What matters for life satisfaction in the oldest-old? Aging and Mental Health, 10, 257- 264.
  • Berg, A. I., Hoffman, L., Hassing, L. B., McClearn, G. E. i Johansson, B. 2009. What matters, and what matters most, for change in life satisfaction in the oldest old? A study over 6 years among individuals 80+. Aging & Mental Health, 13, 191-201.
  • Borg, C., Hallberg, I. R. i Blomqvist, K. (2006). Life satisfaction among older people (65+) with reduced self-care capacity: the relationship to social, health and financial aspects. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 15, 607-618.
  • Cacioppo, J. T. i Berntson, G. G. (1999). The affect system: Architecture and operating characteristics. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 8, 133-137.
  • Carr, D. S., James, S., House, R. C., Kessler, R. M., Nesse, J. S. i Wortman, C. (2000). Marital Quality and Psychological Adjustment to Widowhood among Older Adults: A Longitudinal Analysis. Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences, 55, 197-207.
  • Cava, M. J. i Musitu, G. (2000). Evaluation of an intervention programme for the empowerment of self-esteem. Psychology in Spain, 4, 55-63.
  • Chmiel, M., Brunner, M., Martin, R. i Schalke, D. (2012). Revisiting the structure of subjective well-being in middle-aged adults. Social Indicators Research, 106, 109-116.
  • Cox, E. O., Green, K. E., Seo, H., Inaba, M. i Quillen, A. A. (2006). Coping with late-life challenges: Development and Validation of the Care-Receiver Efficacy Scale. The Gerontologist, 46, 640-649.
  • Curran, P. J., West, S. G. i Finch, J. F. (1996). The robustness of test statistics to non-normality and specification error in confirmatory factor analysis. Psychology Methods, 1, 16-29.
  • Decy, E. L. i Ryan, R. M. (2008). Hedonia, eudamonia, and well-being: an introduction. Journal of Happiness Studies, 9, 1-11.
  • Dickie, J., Ludwig, T. E i Blauw, D. (1979). Life satisfaction among institutionalized and non-institutionalized older adults. Psychological Reports, 44, 807-810.
  • Diener, E. (2000). Subjective well-being. American Psychologist, 55, 34-43. Diener, E. (2009). SWLS Translations. University of Illinois at Urbana Champagne. Retrieved on January, 30th, 2011: http://s.psych.uiuc.edu/ediener /SWLS.html.
  • Diener, E. i Emmons, R. A. (1984). The independence of positive and negative affect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 47, 1105-1117.
  • Diener, E., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J. i Griffin, S. (1985). The satisfaction with life scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49, 71-75.
  • Diener, E., Oishi, S. i Lucas, R. E. (2003). Personality, culture, and subjective well-being: emotional and cognitive evaluations of life. Annual Review of Psychology, 54, 403-425.
  • Efklides, A., Kalaitzidou, M. i Chankin, G. (2003). Subjective quality of life in old age in Greece. The effect of demographic factors, emotional state, and adaptation to aging. European Psychologist, 8, 178-191.
  • Enkvist, A., Ekström, H. i Elmstahl, S. (2012). What factors affect life satisfaction (LS) among the oldest-old? Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 54, 140-145.
  • Everard, K. M., Lach, H. W., Fisher, E. B. i Baum, M. C. (2000). Relationship of activity and social support to the functional health of older adults. Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences, 55B, S208-S212.
  • Fernández-Ballesteros, R., Zamarrón, M. D. i Ruiz, M. A. (2001). The contribution of socio-demographic and psychosocial factors to life satisfaction. Aging and Society, 21, 25-43.
  • Finney, S. J. i Di Stefano, C. (2006). Non-normal and categorical data in SEM. En G. R. Hancock i R. O. Mueller (eds.), Structural Equation Modelling: A second course (pp. 269-314). Greenwich, CO: Information Age Publishing.
  • Fry, P. S. (2001). Predictors of health-related quality of life perspectives, selfesteem, and life satisfactions of older adults following spousal loss: An 18-month follow-up study of widows and widowers. The Gerontologist, 41, 787-798.
  • Gaymu, J. i Springer, S. (2010). Living conditions and life satisfaction of older Europeans living alone: a gender and cross-country analysis. Ageing and Society, 30, 1153-1175.
  • Gow, A. J., Pattie, A., Whiteman, M. C., Whalley, L. J. i Deary, I. J. (2007). Social support and successful aging. Investigating the relationships between lifetime cognitive change and life satisfaction. Journal of Individual Differences, 28, 103-115.
  • Gwozdz, W. i Sousa-Poza, A. (2010). Ageing, health and life satisfaction of the oldest old: An analysis for Germany. Social Indicators Research, 97, 397-417.
  • Hoyle, R. H. i Panter, A. T. (1995). Writing about structural equation models. En R. H. Hoyle, Structural equation modeling: concepts, issues, and applications. Newbury Park, CA: Sage
  • Hu, L. i Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cut-off criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6, 1-55.
  • Idler, E. L. i Benyamini, Y. (1997). Self-rated health and mortality: A review of twenty seven community studies. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 38, 21-37.
  • Kline, R. B. (1998). Principles and practice of structural equation modelling. New York: Guilford.
  • Kunzmann, U., Little, T. D. i Smith, J. (2000). Is age-related stability of subjective well-being a paradox? Cross-sectional and longitudinal evidence from the Berlin aging study. Psychology and Aging, 15, 511-526.
  • Laditka, J. N. i Laditka, S. B. (2003). Increased hospitalization risk for recently widowed older women and protective effects of social contacts. Journal of Women & Aging, 15, 7-28.
  • McAdams, D. P., Aubin, E. S. i Logan, L. (1993). Generativity among young, midlife, and older adults. Psychology and Aging, 8, 221-230.
  • Meléndez, J. C., Tomás, J. M., Oliver, A. i Navarro, E. (2009). Psychological and physical dimensions explaining life satisfaction among the elderly: A structural model examination. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 48, 291-295.
  • Molina-Sena, C. i Meléndez, J. C. (2006). Bienestar psicológico en envejecientes de la República Dominicana. RevistaIberoamericana de Gerontología y Geriatría, 22, 97-105.
  • Naleppa, M. J. (1997). Families and the institutionalized elderly. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 27, 87-111.
  • Noro, A. i Aro, S. (1996). Health-related quality of life among the least dependent institutional elderly compared with non-institutional elderly population. Quality of Life Research, 5, 355-366.
  • Nygren, B., Aléx, L., Jonsén, E., Gustafson, Y., Norberg, A. i Lundman, B. (2005). Resilience, sense of coherence, purpose in life and self-transcendence in relation to perceived physical and mental health among the oldest old. Aging and Mental Health, 9, 354-362.
  • Oliver, A., Navarro, E., Meléndez, J. C., Molina, C. i Tomás, J. M. (2009). Modelo de ecuaciones estructurales para predecir bienestar y ABVD en adultos mayores de la República Dominicana. Pan American Journal of Public Health, 26, 189-196.
  • Okabayashi, H., Liang, J., Krause, N., Akiyama, H., i Sugisawa, H. (2004). Mental health among older adults in Japan: Do sources of social support and negative interaction make a difference? Social Science and Medicine, 59, 2259-2270.
  • Page, K. M. i Vella-Brodrick, D. A. (2009). The ‘What’, ‘Why’ and ‘How’ of Employee Well-being: A New Model. Social Indicators Research, 90, 441- 458.
  • Pavot, W. i Diener, E. (1993). Review of the satisfaction with life scale. Psychological Assessment, 5, 164-172.
  • Pavot, W. i Diener, E. (2008). The satisfaction with life scale and the emerging construct of life satisfaction. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 3, 137- 152.
  • Pethtel, O. i Chen, Y. (2010). Cross-cultural aging in cognitive and affective components of subjective well-being. Psychology and Aging, 25, 725-729.
  • Prieto-Flores, M., Moreno-Jiménez, A., Fernandez-Mayoralas, G., Rojo-Perez, F. i Forjaz, M. (2012). The relative contribution of health status and quality of life domains in subjective health in old age. Social Indicators Research, 106, 27-39.
  • Rowe, J. W. i Kahn, R. L. (1997). Successful aging. The Gerontologist, 37, 433-440.
  • Ryan, R. M. i Deci, E. L. (2001). To be happy or to be self-fulfilled: A review of research on hedonic and eudaimonic well-being. Annual Review of Psychology, 52, 141-166.
  • Shin, D. C. i Johnson, D. M. (1978). A vowed happiness as an overall assessment of the quality of life. Social Indicators Research, 5, 475-492.
  • Simsek, Ö. F. (2011). An intentional model of emotional well-being: The development and initial validation of a measure of subjective well-being. Journal of Happiness Studies, 12, 421-442.
  • Smith, J. (2001). Life experience and longevity: Findings from the Berlin Aging Study. Zeitschriftf¨urErziehungswissensschaft, 4, 577-599.
  • Smith, J., Borchelt, M., Maier, H. i Jopp, D. (2002). Health and well-being in the young old and oldest old. Journal of Social Issues, 58, 715-732.
  • Steiger, J. H. i Lind, C. (1980). Statistically based tests for the number of common factors. Comunicació presentada al Congrés Anual de la Societat Psicomètrica, Iowa City, IA.
  • Steverink, N. i Lindenberg, S. (2006). Which social needs are important for subjective well-being? What happens to them with aging? Psychology and Aging, 21, 281-290.
  • Tanaka J. S. (1993). Multifaceted conceptions of fit in structural equation models. En K. A. Bolleni J. S. Long (eds.), Testing structural equation models (pp. 10-39). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
  • Ullman, J. B. (1996). Structural equation modeling. In B. Tabachnick, & L. Fidell (eds.), Using multivariate statistics (3a ed., p. 709-812). New York: Harper Collins.
  • Wyshak, G. (2003). Health ratings in relation to illnesses, physical functioning, general mental health and well-being: Self-reports of college alumnae, ages <40-80 and older. Quality of Life Research, 12, 667-674
  • Zamarrón, M. D. i Fernández-Ballesteros, R. (2000). Satisfacción con la vida en personas mayores que viven en sus domicilios y en residencias. Revista de Geriatría y Gerontología, 35, 17-29.