Dinámicas y relaciones sociales de las primeras sociedades agropecuarias del noreste de la península ibéricaEstudio de los contenedores y contenidos funerarios mediante el Análisis de Redes Sociales

Abstract

The present doctoral work focuses on exploring the emergence of new social relations resulting from the implementation of the agricultural economic model between the second half of the VI millennium and the first half of the IV cal. BC in the NE of the Iberian Peninsula. To do this, trends in production, consumption, distribution, and exchange carried out in the materiality located in Neolithic funerary burials are studied, understood as deposits of socially necessary labour. To address this topic, a materialistic theoretical proposal is developed, considering funerary burials as deposits of socially necessary labour, both in their construction and preparation, as well as in their content, representing a social value deposited to ensure the reproduction of the system. The analysis of these, in turn, is articulated through the division into two categories of analysis: the funerary container and its anthropological and artefactual content. To carry out this study, various network approaches based on Social Network Analysis (SNA) have been employed, an appropriate tool for understanding the emergence of new social relations and dynamics. Specifically, out of the 574 graves mentioned in the bibliography, those with the highest quality (n=146) have been selected to develop a temporal network model, resulting in 7 temporal phases over which the evolution of connectivity, cohesion, and social demography has been studied. Once the temporal phases have been established, the artefactual content has been studied through its affiliation and co-association, and through the implementation of complex network analysis. Subsequently, a network model for the burials has been constructed and analysed, emphasizing the identification of polithetical groups and the characteristics and behaviour of the model, also incorporating complex network analysis. Using the network model, its spatial implication, and its relationship with the different production trends of the funerary container have been studied. The analysis of the emergence of dissimilarities has been carried out based on the relationship between the model and the interred individuals, who act as indirect consumers of this politically-ideological production. Finally, the transfer of information and/or materials has been analysed using the data obtained so far. The application of these analytical approaches has allowed for a discussion on demographic evolution and patterns of social interaction, productive trends over time, the detection of socio-economic (dis)similarities, and ultimately, the attribution of political-ideological values to groups or individuals.