Efectos de la actividad física durante las clases sobre la alfabetización motrizuna revisión sistemática

  1. Romero Martínez, Jorge
  2. Cristina Menescardi 1
  3. Xavier García-Massó 1
  4. Isaac Estevan 1
  1. 1 Universitat de València
    info

    Universitat de València

    Valencia, España

    ROR https://ror.org/043nxc105

Revista:
Retos: nuevas tendencias en educación física, deporte y recreación

ISSN: 1579-1726,  1988-2041

Año de publicación: 2024

Número: 52

Páginas: 311-322

Tipo: Artículo

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Otras publicaciones en: Retos: nuevas tendencias en educación física, deporte y recreación

Resumen

En el ámbito educativo, la asignatura de Educación Física (EF) es un contexto idóneo para fomentar la práctica de actividad física (AF) y favorecer el desarrollo cognitivo, social y motor o lo que se considera alfabetización motriz (AM). El escaso tiempo lectivo dedicado a la EF limita su influencia sobre el alumnado, por lo que introducir la práctica de AF en el aula ordinaria (AFAO) puede suponer un estímulo significativo. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron: a) identificar estudios que traten de desarrollar la AM por medio de AFAO o EF, b) conocer los efectos de estas intervenciones y c) identificar los aspectos del diseño de estos estudios que se consideren como los más eficaces. Para ello, se realizó una revisión sistemática a través de siete bases de datos científicas y se identificaron 14013 estudios de los cuales se incluyeron 17 en la revisión. Los resultados obtenidos respecto a las intervenciones en AFAO sugieren que pueden servir para mejorar principalmente la atención, sobre todo, aquellas con una duración de 10 a 15 minutos y con una intensidad moderada o vigorosa. En cuanto a las intervenciones realizadas en las clases de EF, pese a que es difícil extraer conclusiones definitivas debido al nivel de heterogeneidad en las características de las intervenciones, las variables analizadas y los instrumentos de evaluación empleados, parece ser que aquellas intervenciones centradas en crear un clima motivacional a través de juegos o el aprendizaje colaborativo se muestran eficaces para mejorar tanto la competencia motriz como el disfrute al realizar AF. .

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