Enhanced impulsivity, poorer planning and rigid patterns when drawing in substance use disordera preliminary study

  1. Giulia Orlandi 1
  2. Javier Comes Fayos 1
  3. Concepción Blasco Ros 1
  4. Ángel Romero Martínez 1
  5. Luis Moya Albiol 1
  1. 1 Universitat de València
    info

    Universitat de València

    Valencia, España

    ROR https://ror.org/043nxc105

Revista:
Behavior & Law Journal

ISSN: 2444-4170

Año de publicación: 2023

Volumen: 9

Número: 1

Páginas: 32-49

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.47442/BLJ.2023.98 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: Behavior & Law Journal

Resumen

La evaluación neuropsicológica ha puesto de manifiesto déficits en varias funciones ejecutivas en individuos con trastornos por consumo de sustancias (SUD por su nomenclatura en inglés). Sin embargo, las investigaciones han informado de una validez ecológica moderada en los paradigmas neuropsicológicos actuales. En este sentido, el dibujo es una tarea transversal bien conocida que integra procesoscognitivos y afectivos complejos. Por ello, se ha esbozado su potencial para mejorar la validez ecológica de las evaluaciones neuropsicológicas. El objetivo del presente estudio era triple. En primer lugar, analizamos la impulsividad y la capacidad de planificación de los individuos con SUD (n = 16) en comparación con los controles (n = 15) mediante un cuestionarioautoinformado y un paradigma neuropsicológico. En segundo lugar, exploramos as diferencias entre grupos en las variables de dibujo mediante la serie de dibujo diagnóstico, un paradigma de dibujo validado. Por último, examinamos la relación entre los marcadores neuropsicológicos y las variables de dibujo. En comparación con los controles, los individuos con SUD informaron de puntuaciones de impulsividad más altas y de una peor capacidad de planificación. En cuanto a las variables de dibujo, los participantes con SUD necesitaron más tiempo para completar la obra de arte, ocuparon más espacio con un color predominante e informaron de una menor tendencia a utilizar colores más cálidos y fríos que los controles. Además, en toda la muestra, una mayor impulsividad y una peor capacidad de planificación estaban relacionadas con un mayor usode un color predominante. Nuestros hallazgos sugieren dificultades en las funciones relacionadas con el control inhibitorio, así como un patrón de dibujo alternativo en los individuos con SUD. Sorprendentemente, un control inhibitorio deficiente se asociócon una menor variabilidad en el dibujo. En conjunto, el presente estudio preliminar parece reforzar el uso del dibujo como herramienta válida para añadir información tanto diagnóstica como terapéutica al paradigma neuropsicológico clásico.

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