¿Afecta al rendimiento académico saltarse el desayuno?evidencia en PISA

  1. Nerea Gómez Fernández 1
  2. Juan Francisco Albert 1
  1. 1 Universitat de València
    info

    Universitat de València

    Valencia, España

    ROR https://ror.org/043nxc105

Revista:
Revista de educación

ISSN: 0034-8082

Año de publicación: 2022

Número: 398

Páginas: 11-38

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.4438/1988-592X-RE-2022-398-551 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: Revista de educación

Resumen

Durante mucho tiempo se ha considerado que el desayuno es la comida más valiosa del día, ya que se ha demostrado que es un importante factor determinante de un estilo de vida saludable. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar los hábitos de desayuno de los estudiantes de 15 años de países miembros de la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económico (OCDE) y examinar si los efectos positivos de desayunar sobre la salud se traducen también en mejores niveles de rendimiento académico en las competencias de lectura, matemáticas y ciencias. Para ello, utilizamos datos de la ronda 2015 del Programa para la Evaluación Internacional de Alumnos (PISA) y estimamos regresiones por mínimos cuadrados ordinarios (MCO) aplicando ponderaciones finales de los alumnos y ponderaciones de repetición equilibrada para considerar la estructura jerárquica de los datos. También se consideran efectos fijos de escuela y efectos fijos de país en todas nuestras estimaciones. El análisis descriptivo muestra que en algunos de los países participantes en PISA 2015 hasta un 35% de los estudiantes de 15 años declararon no desayunar antes de ir al colegio. En cuanto a la relación entre desayunar y el rendimiento académico, nuestros resultados evidencian que desayunar antes de ir a la escuela se asocia con puntuaciones más altas en matemáticas y ciencias. En base a estos resultados, consideramos que sería recomendable desarrollar políticas dirigidas a incentivar a los adolescentes a desayunar, tales como programas de desayunos escolares o políticas de concienciación en redes sociales, para aprovechar todos los beneficios que conlleva el hábito de desayunar, incluyendo las ventajas a nivel académico demostradas en esta investigación.

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Fuente de los datos: Dialnet