From field experiments to salinity products: a tribute to the contributions of Jordi Font to the SMOS mission

  1. Adriano Camps 1
  2. Carolina Gabarró 2
  3. Mercè Vall-llossera 1
  4. Sebastià Blanch 1
  5. Albert Aguasca 1
  6. Francesc Torres 1
  7. Ignasi Corbella 1
  8. Nuria Duffo 1
  9. Antonio Turiel 2
  10. Marcos Portabella 2
  11. Joaquim Ballabrera-Poy 2
  12. Verónica González-Gambau 2
  13. Justino Martínez 2
  14. Ramón Villarino 3
  15. Luís Enrique 4
  16. Alessandra Monerris 5
  17. Xavier Bosch 6
  18. Roberto Sabia 7
  19. Marco Talone 8
  20. Maria Piles 1
  21. Míriam Pablos 1
  22. Enric Valencia 1
  1. 1 Dept. Teoria del Senyal i Comunicacions, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, c/ Jordi Girona 1-3, Campus Nord, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
  2. 2 SMOS Barcelona Expert Centre, CSIC-UPC, Pg. Marítim Barceloneta 37-49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
  3. 3 Dept. d’Eng. Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Països Catalans, 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
  4. 4 ICFO, Mediterranean Technology Park, Av. Carl Friedrich Gauss, 3, 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain.
  5. 5 Faculty of Engineering, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Victoria 3168, Australia
  6. 6 Microwave Systems Lab., Dept. of Electrical and Computer Eng., Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA.
  7. 7 Telespazio-Vega UK Ltd for ESA/ESRIN, Via Galileo Galilei, Casella Postale 64, 00044 Frascati (Roma), Italy
  8. 8 Institute for Environment and Sustainability (IES), EC Joint Research Centre, via Enrico Fermi, 2749, Ispra, Italy
Revista:
Scientia Marina
  1. Vaqué, Dolors (coord.)
  2. Pelegrí Llopart, José Luis (coord.)

ISSN: 0214-8358

Año de publicación: 2016

Título del ejemplar: Planet Ocean

Volumen: 80

Número: 1

Páginas: 159-172

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.3989/SCIMAR.04285.04A DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: Scientia Marina

Objetivos de desarrollo sostenible

Resumen

This article summarizes some of the activities in which Jordi Font, research professor and head of the Department of Physical and Technological Oceanography, Institut de Ciències del Mar (CSIC, Spanish National Research Council) in Barcelona, has been involved as co-Principal Investigator for Ocean Salinity of the European Space Agency Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) Earth Explorer Mission from the perspective of the Remote Sensing Lab at the Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. We have probably left out some of his many contributions to salinity remote sensing, but we hope that this review will give an idea of the importance of his work. We focus on the following issues: 1) the new accurate measurements of the sea water dielectric constant, 2) the WISE and EuroSTARRS field experiments that helped to define the geophysical model function relating brightness temperature to sea state, 3) the FROG 2003 field experiment that helped to understand the emission of sea foam, 4) GNSS-R techniques for improving sea surface salinity retrieval, 5) instrument characterization campaigns, and 6) the operational implementation of the Processing Centre of Levels 3 and 4 at the SMOS Barcelona Expert Centre.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Blanch S., Aguasca A. 2004. Seawater dielectric permittivity model from measurements at L band. Proced. IEEE Geosci. Rem. Sens. Symp. 2: 1362-1365. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2004.1368671
  • Boutin J., Martin N., Yin Y., et al. 2012. First assessment of SMOS data over open ocean: Part II-sea surface salinity. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Rem. Sens. 50 : 1662-1675. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2012.2184546
  • Camps A., Font J., Etcheto J., et al. 2002. L-band sea surface emissivity radiometric observations under high winds: Preliminary results of the Wind and Salinity Experiment WISE-2001. Proceed. IEEE Geosci. Rem. Sens. Symp. 3: 1367-1369. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2002.1026118
  • Camps A., Font J., Vall-llossera M., et al. 2004. The WISE 2000 and 2001 field experiments in support of the SMOS mission: sea surface L-band brightness temperature observations and their application to sea surface salinity retrieval. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Rem. Sens. 42(4): 804-823. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2003.819444
  • Camps A., Vall-llossera M., Villarino R., et al. 2005. The emissivity of foam-covered water surface at L-band: theoretical modeling and experimental results from the FROG 2003 field experiment. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Rem. Sens. 43(5): 925-937. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2004.839651
  • Camps A., Bosch-Lluis X., Ramos-Perez I., et al. 2009. New Passive Instruments Developed for Ocean Monitoring at the Remote Sensing Lab—Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Sensors 9: 10171-10189. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s91210171 PMid:22303168 PMCid:PMC3267216
  • Chaparro D., Vall-llossera M., Piles M., and the SMOS-BEC Team. 2015. Remotely sensed soil moisture and forestry applications. SMOS Science Workshop ESA-ESAC, Villafranca del Castillo (Madrid), Spain.
  • Corbella I., Torres F., Duffo N., et al. 2008 Brightness Temperature retrievals from the Small Airborne MIRAS, IGARSS'08, Massachusetts, USA.
  • Corbella I, Torres F., Duffo N., et al. 2009. On-Ground Characterization of the SMOS Payload, 2009. Trans. Geosci. Rem. Sens. 47: 3123-3132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2009.2016333
  • Ellison W., Balana A., Delbos G., et al. 1998. New Permittivity Measurements of Sea Water. Radio Sci. 33(3): 639-648. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/97RS02223
  • Emelianov M., Font J., Julià A., et al. 2003. Sea surface fields at Casablanca site (NW Mediterranean) during the EuroSTARRS campaign. In: Proceedings of SMOS Campaigns Workshop, ESA SP. 525: 73-80.
  • Font J., Gabarró C., Julià A., et al. 2003. Oceanographic conditions during the Wind and Salinity Experiment 2000 and 2001, NW Mediterranean Sea. In: Proceedings of SMOS Campaigns Workshop, ESA SP. 525: 51-59.
  • Gabarró C. 2004. Study of salinity retrieval errors for the SMOS mission. PhD thesis, Tech. Univ. Catalonia.
  • Gabarró C., Font J., Camps A., et al. 2003. Retrieved Sea Surface Salinity and Wind Speed from L-Band measurements for WISE and EuroSTARRS campaigns. In: Proceedings of SMOS Campaigns Workshop, ESA SP. 525: 163-171.
  • Gabarró C., Font J., Camps A., et al. 2004. A new empirical model of sea surface microwave emissivity for salinity remote sensing. Geophys. Res. Lett. 31: L01309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003GL018964
  • Gabarró C., Pla Q., Elosegui P., et al. 2015. Investigating SMOS data for sea ice concentration determination. SMOS Science Workshop, ESAC- Madrid, Spain.
  • Guimbard S., Gourrion J., Portabella M., et al. 2012. SMOS Semi- Empirical Ocean Forward Model Adjustment. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Rem. Sens. 50: 1676-1687. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2012.2188410
  • Hollinger J.P. 1971. Passive Microwave Measurements of Sea Surface Roughness. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Electronics, GE-9(3): 165-169. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TGE.1971.271489
  • Klein L.A., Swift C.T. 1977. An improved model for the dielectric constant of sea water at microwave frequencies. IEEE Trans. Anten. Propag. AP 25: 104-111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TAP.1977.1141539
  • LeVine D.M., Zaitzeff J.B., D'Sa E.J., et al. 2000. Sea surface salinity: toward an operational remote-sensing system. Satellites, oceanography and society. Elsevier Oceanography Series 63: 321-335.
  • Marchan J.F., Camps A., Rodríguez N., et al. 2009. An Efficient Algorithm to the Simulation of Delay–Doppler Maps of Reflected Global Navigation Satellite System Signals. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Rem. Sens. 47: 2733-2740. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2009.2014465
  • Martin-Neira M., Cabeza I., Pérez C., et al. 2008. AMIRAS – an airborne MIRAS demonstrator. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Rem. Sens. 46(3): 705-716. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2008.916266
  • Miller J., Goodberlet M.A., Zaitzeff J. 1996. Airborne salinity map per makes debut in coastal zone. EOS Trans. AGU 79: 173-177. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/98EO00126
  • Pablos M., Piles M., González-Gambau V., et al. 2014. SMOS and Aquarius Radiometers: Inter-Comparison over Selected Targets, IEEE J-STARS 7(9): 3833-3844. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2014.2321455
  • Pablos M., Piles M. González-Gambau V., et al. 2015a. Ice Thickness Effects on Aquarius Brightness Temperatures over Antarctica. J Geophys Res C 120(4): 2856-2868. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014JC010151
  • Pablos M., Piles M., González-Gambau V., et al. 2015b. Influence of Ice Thickness on SMOS and Aquarius Brightness Temperatures over Antarctica. IEEE IGARSS 2015, 26-31 July 2015, Milan (Italy) pp. 5178-5181. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2015.7327000
  • Piles M., Sánchez N., Vall-llossera M., et al. 2014. A Downscaling Approach for SMOS Land Observations: Evaluation of High- Resolution Soil Moisture Maps Over the Iberian Peninsula. IEEE J-STARS 7(9): 3845-3857. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2014.2325398
  • Ruf C.S., Swift C.T., Tanner A.B. et al. 1998. Interferometric synthetic aperture microwave radiometry for the remote sensing of the Earth. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Rem. Sens. 26: 597-611. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/36.7685
  • Silvestrin P., Berger M., Kerr Y., et al. 2001. ESA's second earth explorer opportunity mission: The soil moisture and ocean salinity mission— SMOS. IEEE Geosci. Rem. Sens. Newslett. 118: 11-14.
  • SMOS Salinity Expert Support Laboratories. 2014. SMOS L2 OS Algorithm Theoretical Baseline Document, ref SO-TN-ARG-GS-0007.
  • Swift C.T. 1980. Passive microwave remote sensing of the ocean - a review. Boundary - Layer Meteorology. 18: 25-54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00117909
  • Swift C.T., McIntosh R.E. 1983. Considerations for microwave remote sensing of ocean-surface salinity. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Elec. 21: 480-491. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.1983.350511
  • Talone M., Camps A., Marchan-Hernandez J.F., et al. 2009. Preliminary Results of the Advanced LBand Transmission and Reflection Observation of the Sea Surface (ALBATROSS) Campaign: Preparing the SMOS Calibration and Validation Activities. Proc. IEEE Int. Geosci. and Rem. Sens. Symp., Cape Town, South Africa.
  • Turiel A., Nieves V., Garcia-Ladona E., et al. 2009. The multifractal structure of satellite sea surface temperature maps can be used to obtain global maps of streamlines. Ocean Sci. 5(4): 447-460. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/os-5-447-2009
  • Turiel A., Piles M., González-Gambau V., et al. 2016. 2000 days of SMOS at the Barcelona Expert Centre: a tribute to the work of Jordi Font. Sci. Mar. 80S1: 173-193.
  • Valencia E., Camps A., Rodriguez-Alvarez N., et al. 2011. Improving the accuracy of sea surface salinity retrieval using GNSS-R data to correct the sea state effect. Radio Sci. 46: RS0C02. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011RS004688