Paralelos cognitivos entre música y lengua materna en estudiantes de Educación Primaria. Un estudio sobre la influencia del lenguaje verbal y de las características melódicas específicas en la memoria musical a corto plazo

  1. José E. Álamos Gómez 1
  2. Manuel Pérez Gil 1
  1. 1 Universitat de València, España
Revista:
Electronic Journal of Music in Education

ISSN: 1575-9563

Any de publicació: 2015

Número: 35

Pàgines: 1-27

Tipus: Article

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Altres publicacions en: Electronic Journal of Music in Education

Resum

Hallazgos anteriores señalan la existencia de relaciones cognitivas entre percepción musical y lingüística en torno al procesamiento sintáctico, conciencia fonológica y aspectos prosódicos del lenguaje. Por otro lado, se ha demostrado que el uso de sílabas o dispositivos mnemotécnicos son un enfoque pedagógico eficaz para la enseñanza de habilidades de lectura rítmica. Este estudio busca determinar si el uso de sílabas del idioma español ayuda en la memorización de secuencias rítmicas y si existen diferencias en el grado de memorización de información cantada en modo mayor, menor, o recitada, en estudiantes de tercero de Ed. Primaria. Para ello se aplicaron dos tests de memoria musical de corto plazo que relacionan: 1) secuencias rítmicas con pseudo–palabras; y 2) melodías mayores y menores con cifras numéricas. Estos test fueron aplicados a estudiantes españoles y chilenos (n=115). Los resultados mostraron diferencias significativas (p = 0.027) a favor de los estudiantes que recordaron secuencias rítmicas con pseudo-palabras frente a los que lo hicieron con secuencias rítmicas solo instrumentales. Por otra parte no existieron diferencias significativas (p = 0.317) entre niveles de memorización según la forma en que fue presentada la información, sin embargo, los estudiantes españoles se vieron significativamente favorecidos (p = 0.022) con el uso de melodías en modo mayor y los estudiantes chilenos con las del modo menor (p = 0.011). Estos resultados sugieren que el uso de sílabas optimiza el rendimiento en memoria rítmica musical a corto plazo y por otro lado muestran ciertas diferencias en los contextos músico-culturales de estudiantes españoles y chilenos.

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Fuente de los datos: Dialnet