Optimismo disposicional y estrésclaves para promover el bienestar psicológico

  1. Sara Puig Pérez 1
  2. Marta Aliño Costa 1
  3. Aránzazu Duque Moreno 1
  4. Irene Cano López 1
  5. Paula Martínez López 1
  6. Mercedes Almela Zamorano 1
  7. María José García Rubio 1
  1. 1 Universidad Internacional de Valencia
    info

    Universidad Internacional de Valencia

    Valencia, España

    ROR https://ror.org/00gjj5n39

Revista:
Papeles del psicólogo

ISSN: 0214-7823 1886-1415

Año de publicación: 2021

Volumen: 42

Número: 2

Páginas: 135-142

Tipo: Artículo

Otras publicaciones en: Papeles del psicólogo

Resumen

Numerosos estudios señalan que los factores psicológicos afectan de forma importante al funcionamiento fisiológico del organismo. El optimismo disposicional considerado un rasgo unidimensional de personalidad, se relaciona con las expectativas de éxito futuro según la Self-Regulatory Behavior Theory. En diversos estudios, el optimismo se propone como factor modulador de la respuesta de estrés tanto crónico como agudo ya que altos niveles en la dimensión se asocian con bajos niveles de estrés percibido y cortisol. Además, el optimismo parece ser una variable clave en la regulación del ritmo circadiano del eje Hipotálamo-HipófisoAdrenal (HHA). Esta influencia se ha estudiado con datos de cortisol en pelo, la respuesta matutina de cortisol y el nivel de cortisol a lo largo del día, encontrando resultados inconsistentes hasta el momento. En el presente trabajo se analiza la relación entre el optimismo y la respuesta de estrés acorde al eje HHA que ha mostrado ser relevante en la promoción del bienestar físico y psicológico. Asimismo, se reflexiona sobre la incorporación del optimismo disposicional en los programas de intervención psicológica como estrategia para promover el bienestar psicológico y prevenir la enfermedad en la población dada su relación con el desarrollo de alteraciones físicas y psicológicas como resultado de estados disfuncionales de estrés.

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