¿Por qué ganan los y las taekwondistas los combates? Un análisis en función de la categoría de peso olímpica y el resultado de los combates

  1. Menescardi, Cristina 1
  2. Liébana, Encarnación 2
  3. Falco, Coral 3
  1. 1 Universitat de València
    info

    Universitat de València

    Valencia, España

    ROR https://ror.org/043nxc105

  2. 2 Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir
    info

    Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir

    Valencia, España

    ROR https://ror.org/03d7a9c68

  3. 3 Western Norway University of Applied Sciences
    info

    Western Norway University of Applied Sciences

    Bergen, Noruega

    ROR https://ror.org/05phns765

Erakutsi afiliazioak +
Aldizkaria:
Revista de Artes Marciales Asiáticas (RAMA)

ISSN: 2174-0747

Argitalpen urtea: 2019

Alea: 14

Zenbakia: 2

Orrialdeak: 67-82

Mota: Artikulua

DOI: 10.18002/RAMA.V14I2.6051 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openSarbide irekia editor

Beste argitalpen batzuk: Revista de Artes Marciales Asiáticas (RAMA)

Garapen Iraunkorreko Helburuak

Laburpena

Os desportos de combate, tais como o taekwondo, onde se compete contra um adversário, requer controle técnico e tático, bem como de conhecimentos sobre o rendimento dos oponentes para ganhar o combate. O objetivo do presente estudo foi o de analisar os competidores olímpicos (Jogos Olímpicos de Londres), segundo a categoria de peso (mosca, leve, médio e pesado) e o resultado do combates (vencedor vs. vencido), por género. Empregou-se uma Metodologia Observacional, seguindo uma perspetiva nomotética, longitudinal e multidimensional de 302 atuações individuais. Para a análise estatística, foram utilizados os testes ANOVA e T Student para comparação de frequências. Verificaram-se diferenças significativas nas categorias de peso, onde os competidores de menor peso realizaram mais ações do que os competidores de maior peso; enquanto os praticantes de maior peso realizaram ações mais defensivas (bloqueios e cortes) do que os de menor peso. Os vencedores realizaram mais ações antecipadas e de 1 e 3 pontos que os vencidos. Estes últimos realizaram um maior número de ações indiretas e giratórias com a perna traseira. Concluiu-se que, nos praticantes de taekwondo, há um comportamento técnico-tático diferenciado em função das categorias de peso e dos resultados dos combates por género, sugerindo-se uma estimulação dos vencedores, realizando-se mais ações antecipadas, tanto no tronco como na cabeça, assim como a promoção de ações técnico-táticas mais empregues, de acordo com a categoria de peso em que se compete.

Erreferentzia bibliografikoak

  • American Psychological Association. (2002). Ethical principles of psychologists and code of conduct. American Psychologist, 57(12), 1060–1073.
  • Anguera, M. T., & Hernández-Mendo, A. (2013). La metodología observacional en el ámbito del deporte. E-balonmano.com: Revista de Ciencias del Deporte, 9(3), 135-160.
  • Casolino, E., Lupo, C., Cortis, C., Chiodo, S., Minganti, C., Capranica, L., & Tessitore, A. (2012). Technical and tactical analysis of youth taekwondo performance. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 26(6), 1489–1495. doi: https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e318231a66d
  • Castellano, J. (2008). Análisis de las posesiones de balón en fútbol: frecuencia, duración y transición. Motricidad: European Journal of Human Movement, 21, 179-196
  • Čular, D., Krstulovic, S., & Tomljanovic, M. (2011). The differences between medalists and non-medalists at the 2008 Olympic Games taekwondo tournament. Human Movement, 12(2), 165–170. doi: https://doi.org/10.2478/v10038-011-0015-9
  • De la Fuente, A., & Castejón, F. J. (2016). Análisis del combate en taekwondo. Categorías para la evaluación de las acciones tácticas. Estudio preliminar. Cultura, Ciencia y Deporte, 11(32), 157–170. doi: https://doi.org/10.12800/ccd.v11i32.715
  • Falco, C., Estevan, I., Álvarez, O., Morales-Sánchez, V., & Hernández-Mendo, A. (2014). Tactical analysis of the winners’ and non-winners’ performances in a Taekwondo University Championship. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 9(6), 1407–1416. doi: https://doi.org/10.1260/1747-9541.9.6.1407
  • Falco, C., Landeo, R., Menescardi, C., Bermejo, J. L., & Estevan, I. (2012). Match analysis in a university taekwondo championship. Advances in Physical Education, 2(01), 28-31. doi: https://doi.org/10.4236/ape.2012.21005
  • Gómez, M. A., De la Serna, A., Lupo, C., & Sampaio, J. (2016a). Effects of game location, quality of opposition and starting quarter score in the outcome of elite water polo quarters. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 30, 1014–1020. doi: https://doi.org/10.1097/JSC.0000000000000234
  • Gómez, M. A., Gasperi, L., & Lupo, C. (2016b). Performance analysis of game dynamics during the 4th game quarter of NBA close games. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport 16, 249–263. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/24748668.2016.11868884
  • González, C., Iglesias, X., & Anguera, M. (2011). Tactical moves in top level competition taekwondo combat. A descriptive study. En A. Figueiredo & C. Gutiérrez‐García (Eds.), Scientific Congress on Martial Arts and Combat Sports (pp. 48–49). Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, Viseu, Portugal.
  • González-Prado, C., Iglesias, X., & Anguera, M. T. (2015). Detección de regularidades en taekwondo de alto nivel. Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte, 15(1), 99–110.
  • Guy, J. H., Deaking, G. B., Edwards, A. M., Miller, C. M., & Pine, D. B. (2015). Adaptation to Hot Environmental Conditions: An Exploration of the Performance Basis, Procedures and Future Directions to Optimise Opportunities for Elite Athletes. Sports Medicine, 45, 303-311. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-014-0277-4
  • Hemmerle, W. J. & Hartley, H. O. (1973). Computing maximum likelihood estimates for the mixed AOV model using the W transformation. Technometrics, 15(4), 819–831. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/1267392
  • Hernández-Mendo, A., López-López, J. A., Castellano, J., Morales-Sánchez, V., & Pastrana, J. L. (2012). HOISAN 1.2: Programa informático para uso en Metodología Observacional. Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte, 12(1), 55-78.
  • Hernández Moreno, J. (1994). Fundamentos del deporte: Análisis de las estructuras del juego deportivo. Barcelona: Inde.
  • Iglesias, X., Gasset, A., González, C., & Anguera, M. T. (2010). Interacción competitiva y presión ambiental en deportes de combate: Aplicación de la metodología observacional. Revista de Iberoamericana de Psicología del Ejercicio y el Deporte 5(2), 267-282.
  • Kazemi, M., Casella, C., & Perri, G. (2009). 2004 Olympic tae kwon do athlete profile. The Journal of the Canadian Chiropractic Association, 53(2), 144-152.
  • Kazemi, M., Perri, G., & Soave, D. (2010). A profile of 2008 Olympic taekwondo competitors. The Journal of the Canadian Chiropractic Association, 54(4), 243-249.
  • Kazemi, M., Waalen, J., Morgan, C., & White, A. R. (2006). A profile of Olympic taekwondo competitors. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 5(CSSI), 114–121
  • Kruszewski, A., Kuźmicki, S., Podchul, A., & Kruszewski, M. (2014). Effect of changes in the sports regulations on the fight of taekwondo female players on the example of Beijing Olympic Tournaments 2008 and London 2012. Journal of Combat Sports and Martial Arts, 5(2), 97-100. doi: https://doi.org/10.5604/20815735.1141983
  • Kwok, H. H. M. (2012). Discrepancies in fighting strategies between Taekwondo medalists and non-medalists. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 7(4), 806-814. doi: https://doi.org/10.4100/jhse.2012.74.08
  • López-López, J. A., Menescardi, C., Estevan, I., Falcó, C., & Hernández-Mendo, A. (2015). Análisis técnico-táctico en Taekwondo con coordenadas polares a través del software HOISAN. Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte, 15(1), 131–142.
  • Luk, T. Z., Hong, Y., & Chu, D. P. K. (2001). Analysis of strategy used in taekwondo competition. En J. R. Blackwell & R. H. Sanders (eds.), Proceedings of the XIX International Symposium on Biomechanics in Sports (pp. 166‐169). International Society of Biomechanics in Sports, San Francisco, USA.
  • Matsushigue, K. A., Hartmann, K., & Franchini, E. (2009). Taekwondo: Physiological responses and match analysis. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 23(4), 1112–1117. doi: https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181a3c597
  • Mavi Var, S. (2018). Technical analysis of 2007 and 2017 World Taekwondo Women and Men championship finals. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise 20(3), 256–262. doi: https://doi.org/10.15314/tsed.486784
  • Menescardi, C. (2016). Defensive actions in Taekwondo. Revista de Artes Marciales Asiáticas, 11(2s), 60–61. doi:" target="_blank">http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/rama.v11i2s.4172
  • Menescardi, C., Bermejo, J. L., Herrero, C., Estevan, I., Landeo, R., & Falco, C. (2012). Diferencias técnico-tácticas en taekwondistas universitarios según sexo y categoría de competición. Revista de Artes Marciales Asiáticas, 7(2), 1–11. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/rama.v7i2.82
  • Menescardi, C., Lopez-Lopez, J. A., Falco, C., Hernandez-Mendo, A., & Estevan, I. (2015). Tactical aspects of a National university Taekwondo championship in relation to round and match outcome. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 29(2), 466–471. doi: https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000645
  • Menescardi, C., Moya, I., Ros, C., & Estevan, I. (2016). Análisis del tiempo de lucha y no lucha en taekwondistas cadetes. Sportis. Scientific Journal of School Sport, Physical Education and Psychomotricity, 2(2), 164-176. doi: https://doi.org/10.17979/sportis.2016.2.2.1423
  • Menescardi, C., Estevan, I., Falco, C., & Hernández-Mendo, A. (2017). Generalizability theory applied to olympic male taekwondo combats. European Journal of Human Movement, 39, 65–81.
  • Menescardi, C., Falco, C., Estevan, I., Ros, C., Morales-Sánchez, V., & Hernández-Mendo, A. (2019a). Is It Possible to Predict an Athlete’s Behavior? The Use of Polar Coordinates to Identify Key Patterns in Taekwondo. Frontiers in Psychology, 10. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01232
  • Menescardi, C., Falco, C., Ros, C., Morales-Sánchez, V., & Hernández-Mendo, A. (2019b). Development of a Taekwondo Combat Model Based on Markov Analysis. Frontiers in Psychology, 10. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02188
  • Morales-Sánchez, V., Pérez-López, R., Morquecho-Sánchez, R., & Hernández-Mendo, A. (2016). Generalizabilidad y gestión deportiva. Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte, 16(1), 161–170
  • Morillo-Baro, J. P., Reigal, R. E., & Hernández-Mendo, A. (2015). Análisis del ataque posicional de balonmano playa masculino y femenino mediante coordenadas polares. Revista Internacional de Ciencias del Deporte, 11(41), 226–244. doi: https://doi.org/10.5232/ricyde2015.04103
  • National Institutes of Health. (1978). The Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research - The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research (No. DHEW Publication No. (OS) 78-0012).
  • Pyciarz, T. (2011). Analysis of sport fight structure in Taekwondo during the Olympics in Beijing in 2008 and Senior World Championships in 2009 in terms of technical skills after regulation and implementation of the electronic system of score recording. Journal of Combat Sports and Martial Arts, 2(2), 109-115. doi: https://doi.org/10.5604/20815735.1047143
  • Santos, V. G. F., Franchini, E., & Lima-Silva, A. (2011). Relationship between attack and skipping in taekwondo contests. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 25(6), 1743–1751. doi: https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181ddfb0f
  • Searle, S. R., Casella, G., & McCulloch, C. E. (1992). Variance components. John Wiley & Sons. New York, NY: USA.
  • Tang, W. T., Chang, J. S., & Nien, Y. H. (2007). The kinematics characteristics of preferred and nonpreferred roundhouse kick in elite taekwondo athletes. Journal of Biomechanics, 40(S2), 780. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9290(07)70768-6
  • Tornello, F., Capranica, L., Minganti, C., Chiodo, S., Condello, G., & Tessitore, A. (2014). Technical-Tactical Analysis of Youth Olympic Taekwondo Combat. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 28, 1151–1157. doi: https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000255
  • Tsai, Y. J., Gu, G. H., Lee, C. J., Huang, C. F., & Tsai, C. L. (2005). The biomechanical analysis of taekwondo axe-kick in senior high school athletic. En Q. Wang (Ed.), Proceedings of the XXIII International Symposium on Biomechanics in Sports (pp. 453-456). China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China
  • Wąsik, J. (2010). The structure of the roundhouse kick on the example of a European Champion of taekwon-do. Archives of Budo, 6(4), 211–216.
Datuen iturria: Dialnet