De Saludiversex a Saludiversex-M. La adaptación de un programa de educación afectivo sexual para personas con discapacidad intelectual moderada y/o dificultades de lectoescritura

  1. Estruch García, Verónica
  2. Fernández García, Olga
  3. Cervigón Carrasco, Verónica
  4. Ruiz Palomino, Estefanía
  5. Gil Llario, Mª Dolores
Journal:
International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology: INFAD. Revista de Psicología

ISSN: 0214-9877

Year of publication: 2022

Issue Title: ENCONTRÁNDONOS CON LA CIENCIA. UNA REFLEXIÓN SOBRE LA UNIVERSIDAD

Volume: 2

Issue: 1

Pages: 449-458

Type: Article

DOI: 10.17060/IJODAEP.2022.N1.V2.2385 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openOpen access editor

More publications in: International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology: INFAD. Revista de Psicología

Abstract

Affective sex education programs are a necessary resource to promote sexual health in people with intellectual disability because they have multiple barriers to acquire knowledge, attitudes and skills necessary to live and express their sexuality in a positive and health way. Thus, the design of these interventions requires that the characteristics of the target group (degree of autonomy, level of understanding and / or level of writing and reading) be taken into account. Currently, we can find effective proposals for population with mild intellectual disability, such as the Saludiversex program. However, the interventions for people with moderate intellectual disability and/or literacy difficulties are still scarce. Therefore, our research group made a simplified version of the Saludiversex program (Saludiversex-M). Thus, the objective of this paper is to describe in detail the process of adapting the content and material of the Saludiversex Program to the simplified version Saludiversex-M. In relation to the adaptation of the content, the information reported by professionals who work with this group and the life characteristics of people with moderate intellectual disability (low autonomy, difficulties in romantic relationships, support needs in hygiene activities, etc.) were contemplated as a result, some concepts such as contraceptive methods, sexually transmitted infections and abuse are worked on more superficially. On the other hand, regarding the work material (presentations, evaluation questionnaires, activities, etc.) was adapted according to the easy reading guidelines and the level of understanding of this group (use of simple sentences, concrete language and support with images for the most difficult to understand concepts). The result is a resource that facilitates access to sex education for a group with great deficiencies in this area.

Bibliographic References

  • Aceldo, M. A., Aguado, A. L., & Arias, B. (2006). Eficacia de un programa de educación sexual en jóvenes con discapacidad intelectual. Análisis y Modificación de Conducta, 32(142), 217-239. https://doi.org/10.33776/amc.v32i142.2128
  • Asociación Americana de Psiquiatría (2013). Manual diagnóstico y estadístico de los trastornos mentales (DSM-5), 5ª Edición, Arlington, V.A
  • Estruch-García, V., Fernández-García, O., Cervigón-Carrasco, V., Elipe-Miravent, M., & Gil-Llario, M.D. (2021). Metodología de los programas de educación afectivo-sexual para personas con diversidad funcional intelectual: una revisión sistemática. International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology. 2(2), 421- 432. https://doi.org/10.17060/ijodaep.2021.n2.v2.2250
  • García, O. (2011). Lectura fácil: métodos de redacción y evaluación. Real Patronato sobre Discapacidad: Madrid.
  • Gil-Llario, M. D., Ballester Arnal, R., Caballero-Gascón, L., & Escalera, C. (2019). Programa SALUDIVERSEX. Programa de educación afectivo-sexual para adultos con diversidad funcional intelectual. Madrid: Pirámide.
  • Gil-Llario, M.D., Estruch-García, V., & Fernández-García, O. (2021). Efecto del juego vs. el role playing en la implicación de los participantes del programa SALUDIVER-SEX. International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology, 1 (3) https://doi.org/10.17060/ijodaep.2021.n1.v3.2138
  • López, F. (2011). Guía para el desarrollo de la afectividad y de la sexualidad de las personas con discapacidad intelectual. Valladolid: Junta de Castilla y León, Gerencia de Servicios Sociales, Consejería de Familia y Asuntos Sociales.
  • Navarro, Y., Torrico, E., & López, M. J. (2010). Programa de intervención psicosexual en personas con discapacidad intelectual. Educación y diversidad, 4(2), 75-92. ISSN: 1888-4857
  • Organización Mundial de la Salud. (2018). La salud sexual y su relación con la salud reproductiva: un enfoque operativo. Recuperado de: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/274656/9789243512884-spa.pdf?ua=1
  • Organismo de las Naciones Unidas para la educación y la Cultura. UNESCO (2011). Clasificación Internacional Normalizada de la Educación (CINE). DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.15220/978-92-9189-157-3-sp
  • Jahoda, A., & Pownall, J. (2014). Sexual understanding, sources of information and social networks; the reports of young people with intellectual disabilities and their non-disabled peers. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 58(5), 430–441. https://doi.org/10.1111/jir.12040
  • Roden, R. C., Schmidt, E. K., & Holland-Hall, C. (2020). Sexual health education foradolescentsand young adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities: recommendations for accessible sexual and reproductive health information. The Lancet Child y Adolescent Health, 4(9), 699-708. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30098-5
  • Rojas, S., Haya, I., & Lázaro, S. (2015). Necesidades afectivo-sexuales en personas con discapacidad intelectual. Claves para construir propuestas formativas desde la experiencia subjetiva. Revista Española de Discapacidad, 2(3), 41-54, DOI: 10.5569/2340-5104.03.02.03
  • Schaafsma, D., Kok, G., Stoffelen, J. M. T., & Curfs, L. M. G. (2015) Identifying effec-tive methods for teaching sex education to individuals with intellectual disabilities: a systematic review. Journal of Sex Research, 52(4), 412-432, https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2014.919373
  • Tomsa, R., Gutu, S., Cojocaru, D., Gutiérrez-bermejo, B., Flores, N., & Jenaro, C. (2021). Prevalence of sexual abuse in adults with intellectual disability: Systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(4), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041980
  • Vizcaino, L., & Aciego, R. (2015). Assessment of emotional-sexual education experience for people with intellectual disabilities. Siglo Cero, 46(4), 45-58. https://doi.org/10.14201/scero20154644558
  • Whittle, C., & Butler, C. (2018). Sexuality in the lives of people with intellectual disabilities: A meta-ethnographic synthesis of qualitative studies. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 75, 68–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2018.02.008