Digital Platform Competition Regulatory Challenges

  1. Andrés Boix-Palop
Aldizkaria:
Revista General de Derecho de los Sectores Regulados: RSR

ISSN: 2603-6444

Argitalpen urtea: 2021

Zenbakia: 8

Mota: Artikulua

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Beste argitalpen batzuk: Revista General de Derecho de los Sectores Regulados: RSR

Laburpena

La gran reducción de costes consecuencia de la eficiente intermediación que facilitan las plataformas ha permitido por un lado que el llamado "procomún colaborativo" se expanda y evolucione, madurando, pero también que aparezcan mercados nuevos y muy eficientes: la llamada "economía colaborativa" y, más ampliamente, la economía de las plataformas (digitales). Ahora bien, las ventajas de estas plataformas de intercambio en términos de una mayor eficiencia conllevan necesariamente algunos inconvenientes, de entre los cuales destaca el enorme poder que su posición central como intermediaros les puede conferir y la preocupación derivada de ello de que, dado su creciente poder como intermediarios digitales, puedan perjudicar la competencia. No obstante, los modelos económicos centrados en cuestiones microeconómicas parecen respaldar la idea de que las plataformas digitales rara vez han inhibido la aparición de competidores, así como tampoco tienen sencillo extraer beneficios predatorios abusando de su posición en detrimento de los consumidores. Esta relativa falta de riesgo a partir de análisis basados en el mero análisis de la eficiencia económica ha empujado a las autoridades de competencia de toda Europa a promover los nuevos modelos de negocio “colaborativo”, sin tener en cuenta otros riesgos potenciales: no sólo los competitivos a una escala macroeconómica, sino también los sociales. Ambos merecen un mayor y más cuidadoso análisis. Para realizar dicho análisis, sería necesario que las autoridades de la competencia se remodelaran institucionalmente y se reforzaran con distintos tipos de personal. Asimismo, sería necesaria una visión más ambiciosa de las cuestiones de competencia, que combine tanto las cuestiones económicas como las sociales.

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