La estimulación transcraneal con corriente directa (tDCS) como tratamiento coadyuvante en el trastorno por consumo de tabacosituación actual y perspectivas de futuro

  1. Raúl Espert-Tortajada
  2. Marta Rebull-Monje
  3. Marien Gadea-Doménech
Aldizkaria:
Revista española de drogodependencias

ISSN: 0213-7615

Argitalpen urtea: 2021

Zenbakia: 46

Orrialdeak: 5-20

Mota: Artikulua

DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR

Beste argitalpen batzuk: Revista española de drogodependencias

Laburpena

El tabaquismo es una de las primeras causas mundiales prevenibles de enfermedades y muertes prematuras. La nicotina es la base farmacológica de la adicción, y su dependencia desencadena una serie de cambios psicobiológicos, conductuales y cognitivos. Existen varias estrategias efectivas para ayudar a dejar de fumar, pero el porcentaje de tasas de éxito a largo plazo es muy bajo. Por lo tanto, es importante explorar y estudiar nuevas técnicas alternativas para el tratamiento del trastorno por consumo de tabaco (TCT), que puedan ofrecer más variedad de recursos terapéuticos y mejorar sus resultados en el ámbito clínico. Estudios recientes de estimulación transcraneal con corriente directa (tDCS), aplicada sobre la corteza prefrontal dorsolateral (CPFDL), han mostrado resultados prometedores en la reducción del craving y el consumo de tabaco. Su uso se justifica por su papel importante en la regulación de los mecanismos de control inhibitorio y recompensa (circuitos dopaminérgicos), que se encuentran disfuncionales en pacientes con TCT. Los hallazgos sugieren que la tDCS aplicada sobre la CPFDL, puede ser una técnica efectiva como terapia coadyuvante paya ayudar a dejar de fumar. Sin embargo, se necesita más investigación y, por ello, se describen propuestas futuras.

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