Perfiles de actividad física, obesidad, autoestima y relaciones sociales del alumnado de primariaun estudio piloto con Self-Organizing Maps
- Victor Cubas-Martinez 1
- Adrià Marco-Ahulló 2
- Gonzalo Monfort-Torres 3
- Israel Villarrasa-Sapiña 1
- Alberto Pardo-Ibañez 1
- Xavier Garcia-Masso 1
-
1
Universitat de València
info
- 2 Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (España)
- 3 Florida Universitaria (España)
ISSN: 1579-1726, 1988-2041
Year of publication: 2019
Issue: 36
Pages: 146-151
Type: Article
More publications in: Retos: nuevas tendencias en educación física, deporte y recreación
Abstract
Social relationships are vital for the proper development of humans, and along with physical activity, obesity, and self-esteem, they form a set of factors that may be able to feed each other; however, as far as the authors know, they have only been analyzed separately. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to carry out a multifactorial analysis that includes all the aforementioned variables. A total of 60 children between 7 and 13 years of age formed the sample of this study. The instruments used for the measurements of the different study variables were the PAQ-C, the Rosenberg self-esteem scale, and an adaptation of the Bull-S Test. Once all the data was collected, an analysis with Self-Organizing Maps was made, using the Matlab R2008a software and the SOM toolbox for Matlab. The results obtained in this work show the repercussion of Body Mass Index on the levels of self-esteem and social relations, and the possible mutual feedback between the last two factors.
Bibliographic References
- Ahrens, W., Pigeot, I., Pohlabeln, H., De Henauw, S., Lissner, L., Molnár, D., … IDEFICS consortium. (2014). Prevalence of overweight and obesity in European children below the age of 10. International Journal of Obesity (2005), 38 Suppl 2, S99107. https://doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2014.140
- Bersh, S. (2006). La obesidad: aspectos psicológicos y conductuales. Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría, XXXV(4), 537–546.
- Cabello Garza, M. L., & Zúñiga Zárate, J. G. (2007). Aspectos intrapersonales y familiares asociados a la obesidad: un análisis fenomenológico. Ciencia UANL, 10. Retrieved from http:// eprints.uanl.mx/1770/
- Cascales, J. Á. M., & Prieto, M. J. R. (2018). Incidencia de la práctica de actividad física y deportiva como reguladora de la violencia escolar (Incidence of the practice of physical and sporting activities as a regulator of school violence). Retos, 0(35), 54–60.
- Cillessen, A. H. N., & Mayeux, L. (2004). Sociometric status and peer group behavior: Previous findings and current directions. In Children’s peer relations: From development to intervention (pp. 3–20). Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/10653-001
- Coie, J. D., Dodge, K. A., & Coppotelli, H. (1982). Dimensions and types of social status: A cross-age perspective. Developmental Psychology, 18(4), 557–570. https://doi.org/ 10.1037/0012-1649.18.4.557
- Crick, N. R., & Grotpeter, J. K. (1995). Relational aggression, gender, and social-psychological adjustment. Child Development, 66(3), 710–722.
- Delgado-Floody, P., Carter-Thuillier, B., Jerez-Mayorga, D., CofréLizama, A., & Martínez-Salazar, C. (2018). Relación entre sobrepeso, obesidad y niveles de autoestima en escolares (Relation between overweight, obesity, and self-esteem levels in schoolchildren). Retos, 0(35), 67–70.
- Erickson, S. J., Robinson, T. N., Haydel, K. F., & Killen, J. D. (2000). Are overweight children unhappy?: Body mass index, depressive symptoms, and overweight concerns in elementary school children. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 154(9), 931–935.
- Garaigordobil, M., & Antonio Oñederra, J. (2009). Un Análisis Del Acoso Escolar Desde Una Perspectiva De Género Y Grupo. An Analysis of Bullying at School from a Gender and Group Perspective., 15(2/3), 193–205.
- Gibbs, B. G., & Forste, R. (2014). Socioeconomic status, infant feeding practices and early childhood obesity. Pediatric Obesity, 9(2), 135–146. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.20476310.2013.00155.x
- Heredia, C. M. R., Sánchez, A. J. L., Gallego, F. J. L., Zagalaz, J. C., & Moral, P. V. (2018). Análisis del tiempo de clase en EF y propuestas para su optimización (Analysis of class time in physical education and proposals for optimization). Retos, 0(35), 126–129.
- Kowalski, K. C., Crocker, P. R. E., & Faulkner, R. A. (1997). Validation of the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children. Pediatric Exercise Science, 9(2), 174–186. https:// doi.org/10.1123/pes.9.2.174
- Kristjánsson, A. L., Sigfúsdóttir, I. D., & Allegrante, J. P. (2010). Health behavior and academic achievement among adolescents: the relative contribution of dietary habits, physical activity, body mass index, and self-esteem. Health Education & Behavior: The Official Publication of the Society for Public Health Education, 37(1), 51–64. https://doi.org/10.1177/ 1090198107313481
- Lacunza, A. B., Caballero, S. V., Salazar, R., Sal, J., & Filgueira, J. (2013). Déficits sociales en adolescentes con sobrepeso y obesidad. Ciencias Psicológicas, 7(1), 25–32.
- Larouche, R., Boyer, C., Tremblay, M. S., & Longmuir, P. (2014). Physical fitness, motor skill, and physical activity relationships in grade 4 to 6 children. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism = Physiologie Appliquee, Nutrition Et Metabolisme, 39(5), 553–559. https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2013-0371
- Lobstein, T., Jackson-Leach, R., Moodie, M. L., Hall, K. D., Gortmaker, S. L., Swinburn, B. A., … McPherson, K. (2015). Child and adolescent obesity: part of a bigger picture. The Lancet, 385(9986), 2510–2520. https://doi.org/10.1016/S01406736(14)61746-3
- Manchola-González, J., Bagur-Calafat, C., & GirabentFarrés, M. (2017). Fiabilidad de la versión española del cuestionario de actividad física PAQ-C. Revista Internacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte / International Journal of Medicine and Science of Physical Activity and Sport, 17(65). Retrieved from http://www.redalyc.org/ resumen.oa?id=54250121009
- Ochoa, G. (2001). Autoestima y percepción del clima escolar en niños con problemas de integración social en el aula. Revista de Psicología General y Aplicada, 54(2), 297–311.
- Ortíz, D. C., Cid, M. T., Allepuz, J. P., & Sánchez, M. L. Z. (2018). Estado actual de la Educación Física desde el punto de vista del profesorado. Propuestas de mejora. (Current state of Physical Education from the point of view of teachers. Improvement proposals). Retos, 0(35), 47–53.
- Peèjak, S., Puklek LevpuÅ¡èek, M., Valenèiè Zuljan, M., Kalin, J., & Peklaj, C. (2009). Students’ Social Behaviour in Relation to their Academic Achievement in Primary and Secondary School: Teacher’s Perspective. Psihologijske Teme, 18(1), 55–74.
- Piotrowska, P. J., Stride, C. B., Croft, S. E., & Rowe, R. (2015). Socioeconomic status and antisocial behaviour among children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 35, 47–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.cpr.2014.11.003
- Ramírez, F. C. (2014). El Test Bull-S Para La Evaluación Sociométrica Del Bullying. Actualización. International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology, 7(1), 35–43.
- Robins, R. W., Hendin, H. M., & Trzesniewski, K. H. (2001). Measuring Global Self-Esteem: Construct Validation of a Single-Item Measure and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale , Measuring Global Self-Esteem: Construct Validation of a Single-Item Measure and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 27(2), 151–161. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167201272002
- Rosenberg, M. (2015). Society and the Adolescent Self-Image. Princeton University Press.
- Sánchez-Cruz, J.-J., Jiménez-Moleón, J. J., Fernández-Quesada, F., & Sánchez, M. J. (2013). Prevalencia de obesidad infantil y juvenil en España en 2012. Revista Española de Cardiología, 66(5), 371–376. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.recesp.2012.10.016
- Strauss, R. S., Rodzilsky, D., Burack, G., & Colin, M. (2001). Psychosocial correlates of physical activity in healthy children. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 155(8), 897– 902.
- Strauss, Richard S., & Pollack, H. A. (2003). Social marginalization of overweight children. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 157(8), 746–752. https://doi.org/10.1001/ archpedi.157.8.746
- Tremblay, M. S., Inman, J. W., & Willms, J. D. (2000). The Relationship between Physical Activity, Self-Esteem, and Academic Achievement in 12-Year-Old Children. Pediatric Exercise Science, 12(3), 312–323. https://doi.org/10.1123/ pes.12.3.312
- Vesanto, J., Himberg, J., Alhoniemi, E., & Parhankangas, J. (1999). Self-organizing map in Matlab: the SOM Toolbox. Proceedings of the Matlab DSP Conference, 99, 16–17.
- Wærdahl, R., Nilsen, A. C. E., Svarstad, C., & Jentoft, N. (2017). Who’s at risk? Expanding the categorical understanding of children at risk of social exclusion through measures of selfesteem. Nordic Social Work Research, 7(3), 201–211. https:/ /doi.org/10.1080/2156857X.2016.1277254