Association between obesity and periodontal disease. A systematic review of epidemiological studies and controlled clinical trials

  1. Mayte Martinez Herrera 1
  2. Javier Silvestre Rangil 2
  3. Francisco Javier Silvestre Donat 3
  1. 1 Dentist. Grant fellow (VALI+d) of the Regional Ministry Education of Valencian Community. Special Patients Unit, Department of Stomatology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
  2. 2 DDS, PhD. Associate Professor, Special Patients Unit, Department of Stomatology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
  3. 3 DDS, PhD. Assistant Professor, Special Patients Unit, Department of Stomatology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; MD. Service of Stomatology, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Av. Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017 Valencia, Spain
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Revista:
Medicina oral, patología oral y cirugía bucal. Ed. inglesa

ISSN: 1698-6946

Ano de publicación: 2017

Volume: 22

Número: 6

Páxinas: 7

Tipo: Artigo

DOI: 10.4317/MEDORAL.21786 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso aberto editor

Outras publicacións en: Medicina oral, patología oral y cirugía bucal. Ed. inglesa

Obxectivos de Desenvolvemento Sustentable

Resumo

Obesity is a very prevalent chronic disease worldwide and has been suggested to increase susceptibility of periodontitis. The aim of this paper was to provide a systematic review of the association between obesity and periodontal disease, and to determine the possible mechanisms underlying in this relationship. A literature search was carried out in the databases PubMed-Medline and Embase. Controlled clinical trials and observational studies identifying periodontal and body composition parameters were selected. Each article was subjected to data extraction and quality assessment. A total of 284 articles were identified, of which 64 were preselected and 28 were finally included in the review. All the studies described an association between obesity and periodontal disease, except two articles that reported no such association. Obesity is characterized by a chronic subclinical inflammation that could exacerbate other chronic inflammatory disorders like as periodontitis. The association between obesity and periodontitis was consistent with a compelling pattern of increased risk of periodontitis in overweight or obese individuals. Although the underlying pathophysiological mechanism remains unclear, it has been pointed out that the development of insulin resistance as a consequence of a chronic inflammatory state and oxidative stress could be implicated in the association between obesity and periodontitis. Further prospective longitudinal studies are needed to define the magnitude of this association and to elucidate the causal biological mechanisms.

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Fonte de datos: Dialnet