Identidad social y discursiva del turista:su construcción a partir de la oferta de valores abstractos

  1. Rosana Dolón 1
  1. 1 IULMA-Universitat de València
Revista:
Círculo de lingüística aplicada a la comunicación

ISSN: 1576-4737

Any de publicació: 2017

Títol de l'exemplar: Monográfico: Creación discursiva del destino turístico y del viajero. Maneras de ver, maneras de ser

Número: 72

Pàgines: 29-42

Tipus: Article

DOI: 10.5209/CLAC.57900 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAccés obert editor

Altres publicacions en: Círculo de lingüística aplicada a la comunicación

Objectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible

Resum

This article examines how hotel webpages commodify abstract symbolic values, and how this representation affects the discursive construction of the tourist as a social actor. To this end, a qualitative analysis is applied, following the framework of Critical Discourse Analysis, specifically Fairclough’s (2002) socio-cultural approach that relies on Halliday’s (1985) transitivity system. One would tend to think that hotels mostly offer material values. This is why it is of special interest to consider the commodification of the abstract precisely in this context: the mental representation of what counts as pleasurable and desirable for the tourist, of what they are being offered as consumers, reveals itself as an open concept, not as a delimited one. A corpus of 189 samples of hotel webpages in English was analyzed, covering four and five star hotels. The results confirm that the offer of the abstract and its semiotics is linked to the touristic category to which it belongs. They also point at an interesting dialectic between the discursive construction of the hotel and its consequent discursive construction of the tourist as a social actor. This study offers insights into the discursive, methodological and socio-cultural nature of the study of identity in the context of tourism

Referències bibliogràfiques

  • Arfin Bin Salim, M., Aireen Binti Ibrahim, N., Hassan, H. 2012. “Language for tourism: A review of literature”. Procedia - Social and Behavioural Sciences, 66: 136-143.
  • Atkins, S., Clear, J., Ostler, N. 1992. “Corpus design criteria”. Literary and Linguistic Computing 7/1: 1-16.
  • Baker, P. 2006. Using Corpora in Discourse Analysis. London: Continuum.
  • Benson, M., O’Reilly, K. 2009. “Migration and the search for a better way of life: A critical exploration of lifestyle migration”. The Sociological Review, 57(4): 608-625.
  • Biber, D. 1993. “Representativeness in corpus design”. Literary and Linguistic Computing, 8/4: 242-257.
  • Biber, D., Kurjian, J. 2007. “Towards a taxonomy of web registers and text types: A multidimensional analysis”, Language and Computers, 59/1: 109-130.
  • Calvi, M. V. 2010. “Los géneros discursivos en la lengua del turismo: Una propuesta de clasificación”. Ibérica, 19/2: 9–32.
  • Cheng, F. W. 2016. “Constructing hotel brands: A multimodal analysis of luxury hotel homepages”. Ibérica, 31: 83-108.
  • Chouliaraki, L., Fairclough, N. 1999. Discourse in Late Modernity. Rethinking Critical Discourse Analysis. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
  • Dann, G. (ed.) 2002. The Tourist as a Metaphor of the Social World. New York: Cabi Publishing.
  • Dolón, R. 2016. “A twofold commodification of ‘place’ in hotel websites and its consequences for the discursive creation of a tourist identity”. Ibérica, 31: 63-82.
  • Fairclough, N. 1999. “Global capitalism and critical awareness of language”. Language Awareness, 8/2: 71-83.
  • Fairclough, N. 2002. Analysing Discourse. Textual Analysis for Social Research. London: Routledge.
  • Favero, P. 2007. “What a wonderful world! On the touristic ways of seeing, the knowledge and the politics of the culture industries of otherness”. Tourist Studies, 7/1: 51-81.
  • Grupo COMETVAL. 2014. Corpus Multilingüe de Turismo. http://tourismdictio.uv.es/ 16/3/2017
  • Hallett, R. W., Kaplan-Weinger, J. 2010. Official Tourism Websites. A Discourse Analysis Perspective. Bristol: Channel Publications.
  • Halliday, M. A. K. 1985. An Introduction to Functional Grammar. London: Edward Arnold.
  • Heller, M. 2003. “Globalization, the new economy and the commodification of language and identity”. Journal of Sociolinguistics, 7: 473-498.
  • Hundt, M., Nesselhauf, N., Biewer, C. (eds.) 2007. Corpus Linguistics and the Web. Amsterdam: Editions Rodopi.
  • Koskensalo, A. 2012. “Towards a better understanding of the hybrid genre ‘tourism websites’”: Proceedings of the 3rd Conference of the Asia Pacific Language for Special Purposes and Professional Communication Association: 3-23. www.engl.polyu.edu.hk/aplspca/APLSP_proceedings.doc 16/3/2017
  • Kress, G., Hodge, R. 1979. Language as Ideology. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
  • Machin, D., Thornborrow, J. 2003. “Branding and discourse: The case of Cosmopolitan”. Discourse & Society, 14/4: 453-471.
  • Martínez-Jiménez, J. A., Muñoz-Marquina, F., Sarrión-Mora, M. A. 2011. Lengua Castellana y Literatura. Madrid: Akal.
  • McCabe, S., Stokoe, E. H. 2004. “Place and Identity in tourists’ accounts”. Annuals of Tourism Research, 31/3: 601-622.
  • McEnery, T., Wilson, A. 1996. Corpus Linguistics. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
  • Morgan, N., Pritchard, A. 1998. Tourism Promotion and Power: Creating Images, Creating Identities. Chichester: John Wiley and Sons.
  • O’Keeffe, A., McCarthy, M. 2010. The Routledge Handbook of Corpus Linguistics. London: Routledge.
  • Pritchard, A., Morgan, N. J. 2001. “Culture, identity and tourism representation: Marketing Cymru or Wales?”. Tourism Management, 22: 167-179
  • Porter, C. E. 2004. “A typology of virtual communities: A multi-disciplinary foundation for future research”. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 10/1.
  • Qu, H., Kim, L. H., Im, H. H. 2011. “A model of destination branding: Integrating the concepts of the branding and destination image”. Tourism Management, 32: 465-476.
  • Santini, M. 2007. “Characterising genres of web pages: Genre hybridism and individualization”, 40th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences: 1-10.
  • Shepherd, M., Watters, A., Carolynn, R., Kennedy, A. 2004. “Cybergenre: Automatic identification of home pages on the web”. Journal of Web Engineering, 3/4: 236-251.
  • Shurmer-Smith, P., Hannam, K. 1994. Worlds of Desire, Realms of Power: A Cultural Geography. New York: Hodder Arnold.
  • Stubbs, M. 2001. Words and Phrases: Corpus Studies of Lexical Semantics. Oxford: Blackwell.
  • Suau-Jiménez, F. 2016. “What can the construction of stance and engagement voices in traveller forums and tourism promotional websites bring into a cultural, cross-generic and disciplinary view of interpersonality?”. Ibérica, 31: 199-220.
  • Suen, A. 2009. “Self-representation of five star hotels: a digital genre analysis of hotel homepages”. En V.K. Bhatia, W. Cheng, B. Du-Babcock, J. Lung (eds.). Language for Professional Communication: Research, Practice and Training. Hong Kong: Hong Kong Polytechnic University: 111-130.
  • Torkington, K. 2012. “Place and lifestyle migration: The discursive construction of ‘glocal’ place-identity”, Mobilities, 7/1: 71-92.
  • Thurlow, C., Jaworski, A. 2010. “The commodification of local linguacultures: Guidebook glossaries”. En Thurlow, C., Jaworski, A. (eds.). Tourism Discourse. Language and Global Mobility. New York: Palgrave Macmillan: 191-223.
  • Thurlow, C., Jaworski, A. 2011. “Tourism discourse: Languages and banal globalization”. Applied Linguistics Review, 2: 285-312.
  • Thurlow, C., Jaworski, A. 2012. “Elite mobilities: The semiotic landscapes of luxury and privilege”. Social Semiotics, 22/5: 487-516.
  • Urry, J. 1990. The Tourist Gaze: Leisure and Travel in Contemporary Societies. London: Sage.
  • Urry, J. 1995. Consuming Places. London: Routledge.
  • Van Leeuwen, T. A. 1996. “The representation of social actors”. En Caldas-Coulthard, C. R., Coulthard M. (eds.). Texts and Practices. Readings in Critical Discourse Analysis. London: Routledge: 32-70.