Cambio actitudinal en dentistas españoles ante el riesgo de VIH

  1. Rojo Moreno, Juan
  2. Solves Valero, Sandra
  3. Valdemoro García, Carlota
  4. Peñarrocha-Diago, María
  5. Alventosa Del Río, Josefina
Journal:
Revista española de drogodependencias

ISSN: 0213-7615

Year of publication: 2017

Issue: 42

Pages: 67-79

Type: Article

DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR

More publications in: Revista española de drogodependencias

Abstract

Objective: The aim is to estimate the changes in attitude arising after eighteen years in the perception of the risk of contracting HIV/Aids among Spanish dental health workers and the general public. Design: We performed a cross-sectional comparative investigation with the data collected from a survey in 1996 and 2014. Method: two experimental random samples have been selected which make up both groups of dental health workers and general population. Participants were provided with the Global AIDS Attitudes questionnaire and form a B Eysenck Personality Inventory. The data was subsequently subjected to statistical analysis in order to find any significant differences in both years’ samples. Results: The general public of 1996 perceived greater risk in situations like “surgery with risk for the patient” and “donating blood” than dentists. That trend was inverted in 2014. In 1996, male dentists perceived more risk in general terms than women, but in 2014 women assigned more risk (mainly in dental surgery or sharing a syringe). According to age, only in 1996 data showed that dentists over forty perceived more risk than those under twenty-five. Conclusion: After 18 years, positive changes in the general public’s attitudes have taken place but dental health workers have increased their perception of risk of contagion. In the 1996 survey male dentists perceived greater risk while in 2014 it was women who perceived this.

Bibliographic References

  • Aguilera, D., Lesme, A., Ramírez, M., Aquino, U., Paciello, R., Osorio, M. y Alarcón, C. (2914). Experiencia y opinión de personas viviendo con el VIH sobre la atención odontológica recibida. Revista del Instituto de Medicina Tropical, 9(1): 7-16.
  • Aisien, A.O. y Shobowale, M.O. (2005). Health care workers’ knowledge on HIV and AIDS: universal precautions and attitude towards PLWHA in BeninCity, Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice, 8(2): 74-82.
  • Angelillo, I., Villari, P., D’Enrico, M., Grasso, G., Ricciardi, G. y Pavia, M. (1994). Dentists and AIDS: a survey of knowledge, attitudes and behavior in Italy. Journal of Public Health Dentistry, 54(3); 145-152.
  • Azodo, C.C, Ehizele, A.O., Umoh, A y Okechukwu, R. (2013). Nigerian dental therapy students’ knowledge, attitude and willingness to care for patients with HIV. Journal of dental Education, 7(6): 793-800.
  • Bennet, M.E., Weyant, R.J., Wallisch, J.M. y Green, G. (1995). Dentists’ attitudes toward the treatment of HIV_positive patients. JADA, 126(4): 509-514.
  • Dávila, M. E. y Gil, M. (2007). Nivel de conocimiento y actitud de los odontólogos hacia portadores de VIH/SIDA. Acta odontológica venezolana, 45(2); 1-9.
  • Dávila, M.E. y Gil, M. (2008). Actitud de los odontólogos hacia las personas que viven con VIH/SIDA. Odontología Preventiva, 1(2):90-96.
  • Dávila, M.E., Gil, M. y Tagliaferro, A. (2011). Conocimientos de los estudiantes de enfermería sobre VIH/SIDA. Salud, Arte y Cuidado; 4(2): 4-12.
  • Fotedar, S., Sharma, K.R., Sogi, G.M., Fotedar, V. y Chauhan, A. (2013). Knowledge and attitudes about HIV/AIDS of students in H.P. government dental college and hospital, Shimla, India. Journal of dental education, 77(9): 1218-1224.
  • Horsman, J.M. y Sheeran, P. (1995). Health care workers and HIV/AIDS: a critical review of the literature. Soc. Sci. Med., 41(11): 1535-1567.
  • Jeevitha, J., Vigneshwari, R.S., Pratheepapriyadharsini, M. y Uma, A. (2013). Comparison of attitude of health care professionals and experience of HIV patients towards HIV/AIDS related stigma and discrimination. International Journal of Current microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2(7): 164-170.
  • Jiménez, O.M., Ronda, E., Aranaz, J.M. y Requena, J. (2007). Conocimientos y prácticas de odontólogos, auxiliares e higienistas dentales frente a los riesgos biológicos por exposición laboral. Archivos de Prevención de Riesgos Laborales, 10 (1): 18-24.
  • Lorhmann, C., Välimäki, M., Suominen, T., Miunonen, U, Dassen, T. y Peate, I. (2000). German nursing students’ knoeledge of and attitudes to Hiv and AIDS: two decades after de firs AIDS cases. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 31(3); 696-703.
  • Mascolo, P., Michelena, A., Monestiroli, D., Montero, J. G. y Mora, N. (2011). Conocimiento, actitudes y percepciones sobre VIH/SIDA e infecciones de transmisión sexual en estudiantes ingresados a odontología y medicina de una universidad venezolana. Revista médica de Risaralda, 17(2): 70-76.
  • Maupomé, G., Acosta-Gío, E., Borges-Yánez, S. y Díez de Bonilla, F.J. (2008). Survey on attitudes toward HIV-infected individuals and infection control practices among dentist in Mexico city. AJIC, 21-24.
  • ONUSIDA. (2013). Informe sobre la epidemia mundial de sida 2013.
  • ONUSIDA (2015). Presentación de informes sobre los avances en la respuesta mundial al SIDA 2015.
  • Quach, L., Mayer, K., McGarvey, S.T. y Lurie, M.N. (2005). Knowledge attitudes and practices among physicians on HIV/AIDS in Quang Ninh, Vietnam. AIDS patient Care and STDs, 19(5); 335-346.
  • Reis. C., Heisler, M., Amowitz, L.L., Scott, R., Mafeni, J.O., Anyamele, C. y Lacopino, V. (2005). Discriminatory attitudes and practices by health workers toward patients with HIV/AIDS in Nigeria. PLoS Med, 2(8): 743-752.
  • Sánchez, M. y Cuadras, C. (1972). Adaptación española del cuestionario E.P.I. de Eysenck; Manual TEA; 34-60.
  • Uribe, A.F. y Oscasita, L.T. (2011). Evaluación de conocimientos, actitudes, susceptibilidad y autoeficacia frente al VIH/SIDA en profesionales de la salud. Avances en enfermería, XXIX (2): 271-284.
  • Valdez, E., Vargas, A. y Apaza, M. (2012). conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas del personal de salud sobre el VIH/SIDA de Cochabamba, estudio comparado 12 años después. Revista médica de Cochabamba, 2012:53-63
  • Välimäki, M. (1998). Attitudes of professional, student and the general public to HIV/AIDS and people with HIV/AIDS: review of the research. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 27: 752-759.
Data source: Dialnet