Anxiety in adolescence. Can we prevent it?
- 1 Basic Psycology Department, University of Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010 Valencia, Spain
ISSN: 1698-6946
Año de publicación: 2017
Volumen: 22
Número: 1
Páginas: 9
Tipo: Artículo
Otras publicaciones en: Medicina oral, patología oral y cirugía bucal. Ed. inglesa
Resumen
Emotions are potent modulators and motivators of the behaviour that the individual displays in the different situations they have to live and they can act as a protection factor or vulnerability of the adapted or maladaptive behaviour. This study focuses on anxiety in adolescence. Objectives. The objective is, through a longitudinal study, to analyse the psychological processes and emotions that facilitate the symptoms of anxiety and those which protect the adolescent from these symptoms. 417 adolescents (192 boys and 225 girls) participated in a three-wave longitudinal study in Valencia, Spain. In the first wave, adolescents were either in the third year of secondary school (81 boys and 85 girls) or the fourth year of secondary school (111 boys and 140 girls). The mean age was 14.70 (SD = 0.68; range = 13-17 years). This study monitored participating adolescents for three years. The results indicate a differential profile in the evaluated emotions according to sex, with the girls being the ones to experiment more anxiety and more empathy, while the boys show more emotional instability and aggression. It is concluded that the best predictors for anxiety are anger state, aggressive behaviour, empathic concern together with the lack of coping mechanisms focused on problem solving and the perception of stress as a threat.
Referencias bibliográficas
- Diamantopoulou, S, Verhulst, FC, van der Ende, J. (2011). Gender Differences in the Development and Adult Outcome of Co-Occurring Depression and Delinquency in Adolescence. J Abnorm Psychol. 120. 644
- Grover, RL, Ginsburg, GS, Ialongo, N. (2007). Psychosocial outcomes of anxious first graders: a seven-year follow-up. Depress Anxiety. 24. 410
- Mathews, BL, Koehn, AJ, Abtahi, MM, Kerns, KA. (2016). Emotional Competence and Anxiety in Childhood and Adolescence: A Meta- Analytic Review. Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev. 19. 162-184
- Barlow, DH. (2000). Unraveling the mysteries of anxiety and its disorders from the perspective of emotion theory. Am Psychol. 55. 1247
- Llorca, A, Malonda, E, Samper, P. (2016). The role of emotions in depression and aggression. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 21. 559
- Caprara, GV, Gerbino, M, Paciello, M, Di Ginuta, L, Pastorelli, C. (2010). Counteracting depression and delinquency in late adolescence: The role of regulatory emotional and interpersonal self- efficacy beliefs. Eur Psychol. 15. 34-48
- Norton, PJ. (2007). Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS-21): Psychometric analysis across four racial groups. Anxiety Stress Coping. 20. 253
- Caprara, GV, Pastorelli, C. (1993). Early emotional instability, prosocial behavior, and aggression: some methodological aspects. Eur J Pers. 7. 19-36
- Del Barrio, V, Moreno, C, López, R. (2001). Evaluación de la agresión e inestabilidad emocional en niños españoles y su relación con la depresión. Clínica y Salud. 12. 33-50
- del Barrio, V, Aluja, A, Spielberger, Ch. (2004). Anger assessment with the STAXI-CA: psychometric properties of a new instrument for children and adolescents. Personality Individual Differences. 37. 227
- Peacock, EJ, Wong, PT. (1990). The stress appraisal measure (SAM): A multidimensional approach to cognitive appraisal. Stress Med. 6. 227
- Davis, MH. (1983). Measuring individual differences in empathy: Evidence for a multidimensional approach. J Pers Soc Psychol. 44. 113
- Frydenberg, E, Lewis, R. (1995). ACS. Escalas de afrontamiento para Adolescentes. TEA. Madrid.
- Pereña, J, Seisdedos, N. (1997). Escalas de afrontamiento para Adolescentes. TEA. Madrid.
- Shapero, BG, Abramson, LY, Alloy, LB. (2016). Emotional Reactivity and Internalizing Symptoms: Moderating Role of Emotion Regulation. Cognit Ther Res. 40. 328