Eficacia del neurofeedback para el tratamiento de los trastornos del espectro autistaUna revisión sistemática

  1. Estefanía García Berjillos 1
  2. Marta Aliño 1
  3. Marién Gadea 1
  4. Raúl Espert 1
  5. Alicia Salvador 1
  1. 1 Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, España
Revista:
Revista de psicopatología y psicología clínica

ISSN: 1136-5420

Año de publicación: 2015

Volumen: 20

Número: 2

Páginas: 151-163

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.5944/RPPC.VOL.20.NUM.2.2015.15169 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: Revista de psicopatología y psicología clínica

Resumen

Los trastornos del espectro autista (TEA) se caracterizan por déficits en la comunicación e interacción con los demás, patrones estereotipados de conducta e intereses restringidos. Presentan patrones de encefalograma (EEG) anómalos que podrían explicar estos déficits, y por ello el neurofeedback se plantea como una alternativa terapéutica dirigida a normalizarlos. El objetivo consistió en analizar el grado de eficacia del neurofeedback como tratamiento de los TEA. Se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática de 17 estudios empíricos localizados mediante búsqueda bibliográfica exhaustiva en PsycINFO, PsycArticles y Pubmed. Los resultados indican cierta eficacia del neurofeedback para tratar los patrones anómalos de EEG y los definitorios del TEA, además de otros como déficits en atención y funciones ejecutivas, ansiedad o problemas de conducta. El neurofeedback puede considerarse un tratamiento “con apoyo experimental modesto” o “probablemente eficaz” con “apoyo controvertido”, aunque se necesitan estudios metodológicamente rigurosos para determinar con mayor certeza su eficacia terapéutica.

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Fuente de los datos: Dialnet