Perspectivas teóricas y modelos interpretativos para el estudio del síndrome de quemarse por el trabajo

Abstract

This paper justifies the convenience of studying the burnout syndrome. Taking into consideration a psy-chosocial orientation, the burnout syndrome is shown as a process that integrates cognitive/aptitudinal (i.e., low per-sonal accomplishment), emotional (i.e., emotional exhaus-tion), and attitudinal (i.e., depersonalization) components. Based on this conceptualization, we offer a taxonomy to integrate the principal models proposed in literature to ex-plain the causes and consequences of burnout. This taxon-omy offers three groups of models. The first group inte-grates models elaborate considering an individual approach to study burnout. A second group integrates models elabo-rate from interpersonal approachs (i.e., social exchange theories), and the third group includes models elaborate from organizational approachs. In a second section, we of-fer the results obtained for our research team considering variables from every perspective show above, and lastly the paper concludes with suggestions for future research.