La producció de gèneres escrits en alumnes de cinc anysuna perspectiva des de l'ensenyament

Resumen

The aim of this research is to explore the production of textual genres written between children and teacher at the end of the nursery education. Our starting point is the existence of many intuitive or practice-derived proposals but little research on the topic in the available bibliography. Our work is located within the general framework of the contributions of the social interaction field. The historical and cultural origins of language, social exchanges, mediation between cultural knowledge and childrens learning, the teachers role, communication and discursive genres are keywords in our work. Through eight teachers chosen at random we investigated (1) the usual practices inside the classroom with regard to text usage and the teachers representation of the topic and (2) the possibilities in a practical session developed from a proposal of ours, from which we would like to highlight the dictation to an adult. Our objective was to contrast both aspects and observe the changes occurred when applying different proposals. We chose a qualitative methodology, following a microanalysis supported on three elements to obtain and examine the data: a) audio and video recordings; b) transcripts of the recordings; c) a detailed search for any sign of what we were trying to find in the discourse. Through the analysis of the results we found proof of the possibility, among others, of creating wide texts, whatever the childrens knowledge of the writing system. It was also shown how the teachers usual way of early teaching of written language can change when they have appropriate proposals and information at their disposal. Children are easily introduced to the complexity of writing on the basis of a communicative need and a project, and the tutelary role of the teacher.