Psicología aeronáutica en España. Una historia y una panorámica actual.

Abstract

Its offers a historic reconstruction of aeronautic psychology, from the constructive perspective and a complete revision of documental archives and legislation. There are three big models which have highlighted in the research of the area. One based on the professionalized analysis of Mira, and fundamentally developed in Barcelona by Figueras and Azoy, previous to the civil war. A second one, linked to the names of Pinillos, Germain and Pascual, of psychometric and factorials character, which was originated with the cooperation between the air army and INPAP and the Department of Experimental Psychology of the CSIC, model which was developed in the fifties. A third, linked to the Laboratory of Aeronautic Psychology of the University of Salamanca (Prieto, Carro), also originated with the cooperation between the military and civil world which, thanks to a cognitive and computational model, developed a model of high impact. The great fund continuity among those three is analyzed, and the fundamental role of the psychologist in the selection model. The present situation has studied with a documentary methodology, analysing the main data bases, in English and Castilian language, of present psychology. The study offers a detailed analysis of the authors more productive than they write in the area, the dominant groups of collaboration, matters and subjects, and the main magazines. We found important coincidences, specially in which it makes to the subjects explore (pilots, flight personnel and controller), to the structure of the exploration, and even respect to psychological instruments for evaluation. The work altogether shows the necessity to develop the selection, for prevention reasons fundamentally, it emphasizes the paper of the psychologist in the same one, and vindicates the competent necessity that the Professional School and Authorities, suitably considers to the psychologist aeronautic.