Aspectos complejos del tiempo libre y el sí mismo. Una investigación a partir de ejercicios teatrales

Resumen

The main objective of this dissertation is to value complex aspects of free time and self through theatre exercises. The selection of scientific literature lies on three queries. First, an analysis of the effect of free time on human behavior (going farther the leisure activities); specifically, we follow basic ideas from the Psychosociology of the Free Time (PFT; Munné, 1980), as well as PFT contributions that consider non-linearity, fuzziness, and fractality as complex aspects of free time in daily life (Codina, 2004c; Munné, 1993, 1997c). The second query refers to the plural vision of the Self Complex Model (SCM; Munné, 1997a, 2000) and its methodological proposal (Codina, 1999b, 2000, 2005a, 2005b). The third theoretical basis comes from the uses of theatre activities in clinical settings, the analysis of social life, and basic acting training; these uses are examined according to their self and hetero-conditionings, that is, what respectively favors and/or constrains a free behavior performance (Casas & Codina, 1998 following Munné, 1980). This framework brings theatre exercises performance as a way to explore complex aspects of free time and self. The empirical approach consisted in a seven-session theatre exercises workshop with Psychology students from the University of Barcelona (no academic benefits or money were given for attending the experience). Besides theatre exercises, participants filled questionnaires based on the Twenty-Statement Test and the Time Budget Technique; in addition to this, a personal semi-structured interview was made once the workshop had finished. Data collection and analysis followed the Sequential Qualitative Methodology (SQM; Codina, 1998, 1999b, 2000, 2002, 2004b, 2004c), which considers the conditions to apprehend complex aspects of behavior phenomena. Results showed non-linearity and fuzziness in the perceived freedom when performing daily life activities and the theatre exercises; moreover, fractal properties as iteration and invariance were observed in the self-descriptions and their associations with activities and exercises. These findings corroborate PFT and SCM statements and some previous empirical evidences about the complexity of free time and self. Furthermore, theatre exercises as predominantly self-conditioned activities appear as a complementary procedure to other interpersonal behavior heuristics based on acting techniques. "