La desigualdad económica regional en América Latina (1895-2010)

  1. Marc Badia-Miró 1
  2. Julio Martinez-Galarraga 2
  3. Esteban A. Nicolini 3
  4. Daniel A. Tirado-Fabregat 2
  5. Henry Willebald 4
  1. 1 Universitat de Barcelona
    info
    Universitat de Barcelona

    Barcelona, España

    ROR https://ror.org/021018s57

    Geographic location of the organization Universitat de Barcelona
  2. 2 Universitat de València
    info
    Universitat de València

    Valencia, España

    ROR https://ror.org/043nxc105

    Geographic location of the organization Universitat de València
  3. 3 Universidad del Norte Santo Tomás de Aquino
    info
    Universidad del Norte Santo Tomás de Aquino

    Tucumán, Argentina

    ROR https://ror.org/0198n3j25

    Geographic location of the organization Universidad del Norte Santo Tomás de Aquino
  4. 4 Universidad de la República
    info
    Universidad de la República

    Montevideo, Uruguay

    ROR https://ror.org/030bbe882

    Geographic location of the organization Universidad de la República
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Journal:
Investigaciones de Historia Económica = Economic History Research

ISSN: 1698-6989

Year of publication: 2020

Issue Title: Quantitative analysis and new trends on the economic history of Latin America

Volume: 16

Issue: 3

Pages: 15-29

Type: Article

DOI: 10.33231/J.IHE.2020.09.001 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openOpen access editor

More publications in: Investigaciones de Historia Económica = Economic History Research

Abstract

This article analyzes, for the first time, the evolution of regional growth and inequality over the course of the historical economic development process of nine countries of Latin America (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela) between 1895 and 2010. In doing that, we first verify the presence of a beta-convergence process among Latin American countries along the whole period. Neverthe-less, it is also shown that convergence across countries was especially intense during the periods when differ-ent States implemented inward looking policies that favored regional convergence within countries. Second, we study regional sigma-convergence taking together the regions of these nine countries as unit of analysis. The study shows that regional income inequality has followed over time what appears to be an N-shaped evolution. Particularly, Latin America experienced an increase in regional inequality from the end of the XIXth century up to the interwar years. Nevertheless, Latin America underwent a period of regional convergence between the aftermath of the Second World War and the crisis of the 1970s. Finally, the crisis of the 1970s and the changes in the international political and economic consensus in the 1980s marked the beginning of a new stage in the evolution of inequality.

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Funding information

Marc Badia-Miró, Julio Martinez-Galarraga y Daniel A. Tirado-Fabregat reconocen el apoyo financiero del Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MCIU), la Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) y el Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) a través de los proyectos PGC2018-095821-B-I00 y de la red de investigación de excelencia GLOCREd (ECO2017-90848-REDT). Marc Badia-Miró también agradece el apoyo financiero del Gobierno de Cataluña (2017SGR14669). Henry Willebald el de CSIC-UDELAR I+D (Comisión Sectorial de Investigación Científica-Universidad de la República) y el del Programa de Intercambio Académico y de Movilidad, así como del Fondo Sectorial de Equidad Territorial de la Agencia Nacional de Investigación e Innovación. Finalmente, Daniel A. Tirado-Fabregat agradece la financiación obtenida para la realización de este trabajo a través del proyecto Europa Investigación, EUIN2017- 86001.

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Data source: Dialnet